“…However, due to the high cost involved in data acquisition by these airborne scanners, available free orbital images such as Landsat-5 TM, -7 ETM+, -8 TIRS, ASTER and NOAA-9 AVHRR have been widely used to detect coal fires by many authors (Abbas et al, 2015;Du et al, 2015a;Du et al, 2015b;Jiang et al, 2011;Singh et al, 2017;Song and Kuenzer, 2017). Among these images, Landsat-8 TIRS is a high resolution thermal infrared data which has been successfully used to extract surface and UCF information in many coal fields around the world such as China's Wuda (Song et al, 2015) and Rujigou (Huo et al, 2014a;Huo et al, 2014b) and India's Jharia (Pal et al, 2016;Roy et al, 2015a;Roy et al, 2015b;Singh et al, 2017). Therefore, the Landsat-8 TIRS data was used to detect UCFs in this study.…”