Analysis of Conserved, Computationally Predicted Epitope Regions for VP5 and VP7 Across three Orbiviruses

Russell, Bonnie L.; Parbhoo, Nishal; Gildenhuys, Samantha

doi:10.1177/1177932218755348

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…It is known that certain immunogenic epitopes of BTV and EHDV are highly conserved and cross-reactivity occurs with BTV VP7 mAbs [ 49 ]. Although VP7 is highly conserved within the BTV species, with up to 90% amino acid identity, significant variation can still be found [ 50 ]. The rabbit polyclonal antibody used in our study did not cross-react with either the Australian or the South African reference BTV-15 isolates ( Table 2 ), which is consistent with an earlier finding that mAbs raised against BTV-1 and BTV-16 failed to detect BTV-15 [ 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Bluetongue Virus (BTV) Antibodies for the Immunohistochemical Detection of BTV and Other Orbiviruses

et al. 2020

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The detection of bluetongue virus (BTV) antigens in formalin-fixed tissues has been challenging; therefore, only a limited number of studies on suitable immunohistochemical approaches have been reported. This study details the successful application of antibodies for the immunohistochemical detection of BTV in BSR variant baby hamster kidney cells (BHK-BSR) and infected sheep lungs that were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE). BTV reactive antibodies raised against non-structural (NS) proteins 1, 2, and 3/3a and viral structural protein 7 (VP7) were first evaluated on FFPE BTV-infected cell pellets for their ability to detect BTV serotype 1 (BTV-1). Antibodies that were successful in immunolabelling BTV-1 infected cell pellets were further tested, using similar methods, to determine their broader immunoreactivity against a diverse range of BTV and other orbiviruses. Antibodies specific for NS1, NS2, and NS3/3a were able to detect all BTV isolates tested, and the VP7 antibody cross-reacted with all BTV isolates, except BTV-15. The NS1 antibodies were BTV serogroup-specific, while the NS2, NS3/3a, and VP7 antibodies demonstrated immunologic cross-reactivity to related orbiviruses. These antibodies also detected viral antigens in BTV-3 infected sheep lung. This study demonstrates the utility of FFPE-infected cell pellets for the development and validation of BTV immunohistochemistry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Bluetongue Virus (BTV) Antibodies for the Immunohistochemical Detection of BTV and Other Orbiviruses

et al. 2020

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“…A very similar outcome was observed after induction of protective NS1 and NS2-Nt-specific cell responses in sheep challenged with virulent BTV-4 [ 155 ]. A recent article highlighted the existence of shared B- and T-cell epitopes between the sequence of the EHDV and BTV VP7 and VP5 proteins, by in silico analysis [ 179 ]. Further, monoclonal antibodies directed against VP7 of EHDV also reacted against BTV VP7, which highlights the presence of discontinuous epitopes shared between these two orbiviruses [ 180 ].…”

Section: Classic and Novel Vaccine Approaches Against Ehdvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus: Current Knowledge and Emerging Perspectives

Jiménez-Cabello¹,

Utrilla-Trigo²,

Lorenzo³

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease (EHD) of ruminants is a viral pathology that has significant welfare, social, and economic implications. The causative agent, epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV), belongs to the Orbivirus genus and leads to significant regional disease outbreaks among livestock and wildlife in North America, Asia, Africa, and Oceania, causing significant morbidity and mortality. During the past decade, this viral disease has become a real threat for countries of the Mediterranean basin, with the recent occurrence of several important outbreaks in livestock. Moreover, the European Union registered the first cases of EHDV ever detected within its territory. Competent vectors involved in viral transmission, Culicoides midges, are expanding its distribution, conceivably due to global climate change. Therefore, livestock and wild ruminants around the globe are at risk for this serious disease. This review provides an overview of current knowledge about EHDV, including changes of distribution and virulence, an examination of different animal models of disease, and a discussion about potential treatments to control the disease.

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“…Targeted and rational design of EHDVs using the reverse genetics system may be further aided by methods such as structural modeling and epitope prediction. In a recent comparison of orbivirus sequences, consensus sequences for the VP5 and VP7 proteins of EHDV, BTV, and AHSV were obtained, and homology models were constructed to fill in knowledge gaps regarding the structure of EHDV proteins [88]. Subsequent computational analyses identified and mapped potential linear and discontinuous epitopes in these structural proteins of the inner and outer capsid proteins.…”

Section: Molecular Vaccine and Diagnostic Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on the Changing Landscape of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus Control

Noronha

Cohnstaedt

Richt

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) is an insect-transmitted viral disease of wild and domestic ruminants. It was first described following a 1955 epizootic in North American white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), a species which is highly susceptible to the causative agent of EHD, epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV). EHDV has been detected globally across tropical and temperate regions, largely corresponding to the presence of Culicoides spp. biting midges which transmit the virus between ruminant hosts. It regularly causes high morbidity and mortality in wild and captive deer populations in endemic areas during epizootics. Although cattle historically have been less susceptible to EHDV, reports of clinical disease in cattle have increased in the past two decades. There is a pressing need to identify new methods to prevent and mitigate outbreaks and reduce the considerable impacts of EHDV on livestock and wildlife. This review discusses recent research advancements towards the control of EHDV, including the development of new investigative tools and progress in basic and applied research focused on virus detection, disease mitigation, and vector control. The potential impacts and implications of these advancements on EHD management are also discussed.

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Analysis of Conserved, Computationally Predicted Epitope Regions for VP5 and VP7 Across three Orbiviruses

Cited by 13 publications

References 132 publications

Evaluation of Bluetongue Virus (BTV) Antibodies for the Immunohistochemical Detection of BTV and Other Orbiviruses

Evaluation of Bluetongue Virus (BTV) Antibodies for the Immunohistochemical Detection of BTV and Other Orbiviruses

Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus: Current Knowledge and Emerging Perspectives

Perspectives on the Changing Landscape of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus Control

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