Analysis of Indigo-type compounds in natural dyes by negative ion atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry

Papanastasiou, Malvina; Allen, Norman S.; McMahon, Adam; Naegel, Ludwig C. A.; Edge, Michèle; Protopappas, Stavros

doi:10.1016/j.dyepig.2011.08.007

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Other interesting APPI applications that were difficult to classify to the groups presented above, and which therefore are not included in Tables 2-6, include analysis of explosives and samples from polymer industry, the analysis of indigo-type compounds in natural dyes for studies of historical objects, and characterization of the organic residue in meteorite extracts (Duderstadt & Fischer, 2008;Papanastasiou et al, 2008Papanastasiou et al, , 2012Himmelsbach, Buchberger, & Reingruber, 2009;Song & Bartmess, 2009;Reingruber et al, 2010;Callahan et al, 2013;Reisinger, Beissmann, & Buchberger, 2013).…”

Section: F Other Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in atmospheric pressure photoionization‐mass spectrometry

Kauppila

Syage

Benter

2015

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

110

108

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Recent developments in atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI), which is one of the three most important ionization techniques in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, are reviewed. The emphasis is on the practical aspects of APPI analysis, its combination with different separation techniques, novel instrumental developments - especially in gas chromatography and ambient mass spectrometry - and the applications that have appeared in 2009-2014. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 36:423-449, 2017.

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Section: F Other Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in atmospheric pressure photoionization‐mass spectrometry

Kauppila

Syage

Benter

2015

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

110

108

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“…Another advantage of the GC-MS method resides in the fact that the EI mass spectra provide a higher fragmentation than APCI or ESI sources [28,29] and consequently more significant structural information on the investigated compounds is obtained with a single run. The GC-MS method for the characterization of indigoid compounds can represent a useful and efficient tool when a multi-analytical approach is needed or for specific goals such as the recognition of degradation products formed under appropriate ageing conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of natural indigo in historical textiles by GC–MS

2015

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The possibility of successfully applying a common GC-MS procedure for identification in one step of all types of dyes from plants of unknown origin and from historical objects is particularly attractive due to the high separation efficiency of the capillary columns, the MS detection sensitivity and the reproducibility of results. In this work, GC-MS analysis, previously and successfully used for the characterization of anthraquinones, flavonoids and tannins from plant extracts and historical samples, has been tested on indigoid dyestuffs. An analytical procedure based on the silylating agent N,O-bis-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) with 1% trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) was applied to pure molecules of indigotin and indirubin and to plant extracts of Indigofera tinctoria L. and Isatis tinctoria L. Preliminary tests have been done to establish the chromatographic conditions and the derivatization amounts most suitable for the simultaneous detection of indigoid molecules and of the other natural compounds, such as fatty acids, carboxylic acids and sugars, contained within the plant extracts. In order to assess the capacity and the sensitivity of the analytical procedure in typical archaeometric applications, wool samples dyed in the laboratory with indigo were analysed by mimicking the sample amounts typically available with historical objects. The electron ionization (EI) spectra of the main silylated derivatives of indigoid molecules obtained in this way constitute the necessary data set for the characterization of natural extracts and historical works of art. Subsequently, the procedure has been applied to historical samples for the detection of indigo and of other dyestuffs eventually contained in samples. Additional information, useful for restoration and preservation of works of art, could be also obtained on the nature of stains and smudges present on the sampled textile material. The GC-MS method turns out to be an efficient and fast analytical tool also for the identification of natural indigo in plants and textile artefacts, providing results complementary to those from high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

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“…On the contrary, another study demonstrated that positive‐mode APCI was suitable for indigoids. Recently, atmospheric pressure photoionization in negative mode and thermally assisted ESI in positive mode have also been successfully used for indigoid analysis.…”

Section: Hplc Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(trifluoroacetic acid) extraction [37,48], oxalic acid extraction [37,38,40,41,48], HF (hydrofluoric acid) procedure [40,45,73,74], DMF (dimethylformamide) [3,35,41,44,46,47,51,59,64,[75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84], pyridine [41,67,85], DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide) [31,42,50,53,54,[86][87][88][89], and few others (see Table 1). Usually extraction is performed as follows:…”

Section: Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of natural organic colorants in historical and art objects by high‐performance liquid chromatography

Pauk

Barták

Lemr

2014

J of Separation Science

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High-performance liquid chromatography plays an important role in analysis of historical organic colorants. A number of papers have been published in this field over the last 30 years. Classification of the most commonly used natural dyes and an overview of high-performance liquid chromatography methods with main focus on recent works (2008 to the beginning of 2014) are provided. The review deals with an entire analytical protocol covering sample preparation, chromatographic separation, and suitable detection (UV/visible and fluorescent spectroscopy and mass spectrometric techniques). High-performance liquid chromatography has been successfully used in the complete characterization of some organic dyestuffs present in historical and art objects. The possibilities and difficulties for identification of natural sources of historical colorants are also discussed.

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Analysis of Indigo-type compounds in natural dyes by negative ion atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry

Cited by 22 publications

References 26 publications

Recent developments in atmospheric pressure photoionization‐mass spectrometry

Recent developments in atmospheric pressure photoionization‐mass spectrometry

Identification of natural indigo in historical textiles by GC–MS

Characterization of natural organic colorants in historical and art objects by high‐performance liquid chromatography

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