Analysis of mating system, fecundity, hatching and survival rates in two Schistosoma mansoni intermediate hosts (Biomphalaria pfeifferi and Biomphalaria camerunensis) in Cameroon

Kengne-Fokam, Alvine C.; Nana-Djeunga, Hugues C.; Djuikwo-Teukeng, Félicité Flore; Njiokou, Flobert

doi:10.1186/s13071-015-1285-4

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…One to two series of egg-laying were collected from each individual snail. After hatching, offspring were reared separately for one month [9, 17]. This protocol was therefore important to monitor the number of wild snails contributing to the constitution of offspring samples to be exposed to miracidia.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S. mansoni i s transmitted by two snails species of the genus Biomphalaria ( B. pfeifferi and B. camerunensis ), which present a wide geographical distribution though S. mansoni remains focalized. It was shown that B. pfeifferi preferentially reproduced by self-fertilization [8, 9], thus exhibiting low genetic diversity within populations, and low survival of the offspring [9]. It is the main S. mansoni host in sub-Saharan Africa [10, 11], including Cameroon where the most active S. mansoni foci are maintained by this snail species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This intermediate host is, however, becoming scarcer in many sites in Cameroon where it used to be abundant, likely due to climatic and environmental changes operating as a consequence of global warming. B. camerunensis species is expected to present a more polymorphic structure and a better offspring survival as an advantage of its preferential outbreeding reproduction system [9, 12]. This species is found in the equatorial bioclime zone of the country, and was previously described as poorly susceptible to S. mansoni [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomphalaria camerunensis as a viable alternative intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni in southern Cameroon

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BackgroundIntestinal schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma mansoni was mapped in Cameroon in the 1990s and preventive chemotherapy launched since 2005. A situation analysis conducted in 2011 revealed an increase in schistosomiasis transmission, especially in the equatorial part of the country, despite the fact that Biomphalaria pfeifferi, the main intermediate host of this parasite, is now scarce in many foci. Biomphalaria camerunensis, restricted to the equatorial part of the country, is considered as a less suitable host for S. mansoni due to it resistance to the parasite, although exhibiting a better survival than B. pfeifferi. In a context where human migration is quite frequent as a consequence of terrorism, war in neighboring countries, as well as development of hydraulic projects, it seems appropriate to evaluate the current epidemiological role of B. camerunensis to estimate the risk of extension of S. mansoni distribution in Cameroon. To do this, the susceptibility of three B. pfeifferi and five B. camerunensis populations to a strain of S. mansoni was assessed. Juvenile snails (G1) of each population were infected with S. mansoni miracidia, and prepatent period, infection and survival rates of infected snails, as well as cercarial production were recorded and compared between snail species and populations.ResultsCompatibility tests were performed on a total of 827 snails: 344 B. pfeifferi and 483 B. camerunensis. Infection rates were quite heterogeneous, higher in B. pfeifferi (61.5%) as compared to B. camerunensis (7.8%) (Chi-square test: χ2 = 258.88, df = 1, P < 0.0001). All the three B. pfeifferi-infected populations were susceptible to S. mansoni. However, among the five B. camerunensis populations tested, four were susceptible to S. mansoni, with 21.9% as the highest infection rate. The prepatent period was, on average, shorter in B. pfeifferi than in B. camerunensis (P < 0.0001), but the cercarial production was significantly higher in B. camerunensis as compared to B. pfeifferi (P < 0.001).ConclusionThese findings indicate that B. camerunensis populations might substantially contribute to S. mansoni transmission and dissemination in Cameroon, their low susceptibility being compensated by their high cercariae production. More attention and surveillance towards this species are required to achieve intestinal schistosomiasis elimination in Cameroon.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-2763-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomphalaria camerunensis as a viable alternative intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni in southern Cameroon

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“…Ce mollusque peut être rencontré dans plusieurs sortes d'habitats, aussi bien naturels qu'artificiels, comprenant des retenues et des cours d'eau (Brown, 1994). C'est un mollusque hautement autofécondant pouvant également pratiquer de l'allofécondation (Tian-Bi et al, 2008;2013;Kengne-Fokam et al, 2016). L'âge à la première reproduction des individus est de 2-3 mois.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Les oeufs sont pondus en grappes de moins de dix éléments dans des capsules, sortes de membranes gélatineuses. Ces oeufs éclosent au bout d'environ deux semaines (Tian-Bi et al, 2008;2013 ;Kengne-Fokam et al, 2016). Des travaux précédemment menés en zone ouest de Côte d'Ivoire ont rapporté une forte endémicité de S. mansoni dans les populations humaines de la région (Assaré et al, 2015) et une variation temporelle de la prévalence naturelle du schistosome (de 5 à 18.6 %) au niveau de l'hôte intermédiaire (Yapi et al, 2014a,b pfeifferi étudiés ont été collectés dans sept sites de contact homme-eau.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Variation spatiale et temporelle de la susceptibilité de Biomphalaria pfeifferi, hôte intermédiaire de <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>, Man, ouest Côte d’Ivoire

Tian-Bi¹,

Gbocho²,

Coulibaly³

et al. 2018

J. App. Bioscience.

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Spatial and temporal variation in the susceptibility of Biomphalaria pfeifferi, the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni, Man, western Côte d'Ivoire Objective: This study aimed to characterize the susceptibility of the intermediate host snail Biomphalaria pfeifferi to Schistosoma mansoni infection in space and time and in relation to some environmental and climatic parameters. Methodology and results : Seven populations of B. pfeifferi were sampled at four dates : two in the dry season and two in the rainy season. From each sample of G0 snails collected in the field, 50 G1 offspring were obtained and individually exposed to a strain of S. mansoni. The susceptibility of snails was assessed based on the infection rate, in relation to the effects of population, habitat type, season and prevalence of human schistosomiasis. Population and season affected the infection rate with a higher value in the dry season. A positive correlation between infection rate and prevalence of schistosomiasis was observed. Conclusion and application of findings : There was a spatio-temporal variation in the susceptibility of B. pfeifferi to S. mansoni infection in the study area, which may result from the snail-schistosome coevolution. The temporal monitoring of the susceptibility of intermediate host populations may help interrupting the transmission of schistosomiaisis. For example, in a control programme, molluscicide treatments of habitats of intermediate hosts may be performed before, during and shortly after the peak susceptibility of snail populations to interrupt the life cycle of schistosomes.

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Spatio-temporal population genetic structure, relative to demographic and ecological characteristics, in the freshwater snail Biomphalaria pfeifferi in Man, western Côte d’Ivoire

et al. 2018

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Combining the analysis of spatial and temporal variation when investigating population structure enhances our capacity for unravelling the biotic and abiotic factors responsible for microevolutionary change. This work aims at measuring the spatial and temporal genetic structure of populations of the freshwater snail Biomphalaria pfeifferi (the intermediate host of the trematode Schistosoma mansoni) in relation to the mating system (self-fertilization), demography, parasite prevalence and some ecological parameters. Snail populations were sampled four times in seven human-water contact sites in the district of Man, western Côte d'Ivoire, and their variability was measured at five microsatellite loci. Limited genetic diversity and high selfing rates were observed in the populations studied. We failed to reveal an effect of demographic and ecological parameters on withinpopulation diversity, perhaps as a result of a too small number of populations. A strong spatial genetic differentiation was detected among populations. The temporal differentiation within populations was high in most populations, though lower than the spatial differentiation. All estimates of effective population size were lower than seven suggesting a strong effect of genetic drift. However, it was compensated by high gene flow. The genetic structure within and among populations reflected that observed in other selfing snail species, relying on high selfing rates, low effective population sizes, environmental stochasticity and high gene flow.

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Analysis of mating system, fecundity, hatching and survival rates in two Schistosoma mansoni intermediate hosts (Biomphalaria pfeifferi and Biomphalaria camerunensis) in Cameroon

Cited by 15 publications

References 38 publications

Biomphalaria camerunensis as a viable alternative intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni in southern Cameroon

Biomphalaria camerunensis as a viable alternative intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni in southern Cameroon

Variation spatiale et temporelle de la susceptibilité de Biomphalaria pfeifferi, hôte intermédiaire de <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>, Man, ouest Côte d’Ivoire

Spatio-temporal population genetic structure, relative to demographic and ecological characteristics, in the freshwater snail Biomphalaria pfeifferi in Man, western Côte d’Ivoire

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