Analysis of powder X-ray diffraction resolution using collimating and focusing polycapillary optics

Zhou, Wei; Mahato, Dip N.; MacDonald, Carolyn A.

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2010.02.033

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The total divergence, α + β, at a energy of a Bragg peak can be estimated by rotating a high quality crystal in the beam and measuring the angular width of the peak, as shown in Figure 13 [33]. The inherent width of the Bragg peak is typically a few eV [34,35], so that the angular width, given by Bragg's law, is…”

Section: Divergence and Focal Spot Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The symmetric beam profile and enhanced flux give improved particle and measurement statistics. While powder diffraction measurements are most commonly performed with collimating optics to reduce beam divergence, the nearly Gaussian peaks produced by the polycapillary optics provide uncertainties in peak center localization which is much less than the peak widths [33]. Thus the peak location uncertainty for powder diffraction are much smaller than the beam angle, even for highly convergent beams [36].…”

Section: Powder Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Focusing Polycapillary Optics and Their Applications

MacDonald

2010

X-Ray Optics and Instrumentation

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A summary of focusing X ray polycapillary optics is presented including history, theory, modeling, and applications development. The focusing effects of polycapillary optics come from the overlap of the beams from thousands of small hollow glass tubes. Modeling efforts accurately describe optics performance to allow for system development in a wide variety of geometries. The focusing of X ray beams with polycapillary optics yields high gains in intensity and increased spatial resolution for a variety of clinical, lab-based, synchrotron or in situ analysis applications.

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Section: Divergence and Focal Spot Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Powder Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focusing Polycapillary Optics and Their Applications

MacDonald

2010

X-Ray Optics and Instrumentation

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“…The result of the analysis of minerals present in each sample was obtained using a Bruker D 2 phaser diffractometer for analysis. Data was shown in single-phase collection of XRD patterns for most intense 3D values in form of interplanar spacings (D) tables, mineral name and relative intensities ( I / Io ) [ 35 ]. Sample spectra were related to literature reference spectra to identify the mineral.…”

Section: Characterization and Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of composite material from the copolymerized polyphenolic matrix with treated cassava peels starch

Kariuki

Wachira

Erastus

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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Conventional binders in the particleboards formulation involve use of formaldehyde resins. Epidemiologic studies show that formaldehyde is carcinogenic. Efforts to reduce formaldehyde emissions by use of scavengers has not been proven to reduce the emission. Molecular bonding of biobased adhesive molecules with lignocellulose materials provides an alternative way of producing composite material. In this study, maize stalk (MS), rice husks (RH) and sugarcane bagasse (SB) were used as sources of lignocellulose materials for particleboard formulation. SB, MS and RH were collected from their respective sites, sorted and dried. MS and RH were ground. Lignin content determination was done by drying lignocellulose material at 105 °C. Lignocellulose materials were prepared by hydrolysis of dried lignocellulose material with sodium hydroxide. Oxidized starch was prepared by oxidation of cassava peel starch using alkaline hydrogen peroxide. Particleboards were formulated through starch-lignocellulose polymerization at 60 °C compressed with 6.5 Nmm −2 pressure. Characterization of raw materials and formulated particleboards was done using XRD for mineralogical analysis, FTIR and NMR for elucidation of functional groups transformation. The results showed that esterification is the main process of chemical bonding in the particleboard formulation due to reaction between –COOH from starch and and OH- from lignocellulose. Etherification between hydroxyl groups from starch with hydroxyl groups from lignocellulose material. RH combined more through silication process with cassava peels starch than RH and SB showing materials containing high cellulose and hemicellulose content are more compatible. Composite materials formulated were used to produce medium density particleboards that can be used for making furniture and room partitioning.

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“…With the polycapillary optic, the local angular divergence a is independent of source size and is given by the divergence from an individual capillary channel 18 a $ 1:3h c :…”

Section: -mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15,16 A polycapillary collimating optic can form a divergent x-ray beam into a quasi-parallel beam for x-ray diffraction. [17][18][19] In addition, both focusing and collimating polycapillary optics only accept x-ray photons emitted within a finite region, and so can be used to selectively collect divergent radiation, for example, for micro analysis. 16 The principle of confocal analysis based on polycapillary x-ray optics, in which one optic focuses the incident beam onto the sample, and the second selects only emission from that region, was first proposed in the early 1990s by Gibson and Kumakhov.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full-field transmission x-ray imaging with confocal polycapillary x-ray optics

Sun

MacDonald

2013

Journal of Applied Physics

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A transmission x-ray imaging setup based on a confocal combination of a polycapillary focusing x-ray optic followed by a polycapillary collimating x-ray optic was designed and demonstrated to have good resolution, better than the unmagnified pixel size and unlimited by the x-ray tube spot size. This imaging setup has potential application in x-ray imaging for small samples, for example, for histology specimens. V C 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx

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Analysis of powder X-ray diffraction resolution using collimating and focusing polycapillary optics

Cited by 14 publications

References 3 publications

Focusing Polycapillary Optics and Their Applications

Focusing Polycapillary Optics and Their Applications

Characterization of composite material from the copolymerized polyphenolic matrix with treated cassava peels starch

Full-field transmission x-ray imaging with confocal polycapillary x-ray optics

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