Analysis of structurally modified polyacrylamides by on-line thermochemolysis-GC–MS

Kronimus, Alexander; Schwarzbauer, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2007.06.004

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Products composed of 3HV and 3HB units were observed in thermochemolysis chromatogram and their abundance was used in a quantitative fashion. Another example is related to the quantitative analysis of structurally modified and non-modified polyacrylamides in standards, spiked sediments and sewage sludges [44]. The important thermochemolysis products were glutarimide-related compounds and the limit of detection was reported to be 250 mg/kg.…”

Section: Synthetic Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent applications in analytical thermochemolysis

Shadkami

Helleur

2010

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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Section: Synthetic Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent applications in analytical thermochemolysis

Shadkami

Helleur

2010

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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“…18,29−31 In environmental samples this was seldom done to date and when attempted it was restricted on a few selected polymers (polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polystyrene (PS), 22 PS 30 and modified polyamides. 32 Very recently a promising thermogravimetric method for PE determination in environmental samples was introduced. 33 Combined with GCMS this technique bears a great potential for polyethylene (PE) detection in complex samples although the lowest MP concentration of 5 wt % in spiked environmental samples tested so far exceeds realistic levels in most cases.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to identification Py-GCMS could also be applied for quantitative trace analysis of MP on a polymer specific level if the pyrolysis conditions are highly reproducible to generate a consistent composition of pyrolysis products. ,− In environmental samples this was seldom done to date and when attempted it was restricted on a few selected polymers (polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polystyrene (PS), PS and modified polyamides . Very recently a promising thermogravimetric method for PE determination in environmental samples was introduced .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Trace Identification and Quantification of Common Types of Microplastics in Environmental Samples by Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

Fischer

Scholz‐Böttcher

2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

463

322

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The content of microplastics (MP) in the environment is constantly growing. Since the environmental relevance, particularly bioavailability, rises with decreasing particle size, the knowledge of the MP proportion in habitats and organisms is of gaining importance. The reliable recognition of MP particles is limited and underlies substantial uncertainties. Therefore spectroscopic methods are necessary to ensure the plastic nature of isolated particles, determine the polymer type and obtain particle count related quantitative data. In this study Curie-Point pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with thermochemolysis is shown to be an excellent analytical tool to simultaneously identify and optionally quantify MP in environmental samples on a polymer specific mass related trace level. The method is independent of any mechanical preselection or particle appearance. For this purpose polymer characteristic pyrolysis products and their indicative fragment ions were used to analyze eight common types of plastics. Further aspects of calibration, recoveries, and potential matrix effects are discussed. The method is exemplarily applied on selected fish samples after an enzymatic-chemically pretreatment. This new approach with mass-related results is complementary to established FT-IR and Raman methods providing particle counts of individual polymer particles.

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“…An attempt to improve the gas chromatographic properties of ε-caprolactam by derivatization with a methylating substance failed. The addition of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) or tetramethylaniline hydroxide as in-situ methylation agent during the pyrolysis, an already reported approach in analytical pyrolysis [21,27], did not produce a N-methylated derivative. Also a systematic pyrolysis optimization approach by evaluating the duration of pyrolysis, heating rate, different nitrogen flow and different pyrolysis temperatures revelaed no significantly affect on the content of ε-caprolactam but just increased the formation of N-vinylcaprolactam.…”

Section: Specific Pyrolytic Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the water-soluble polymer poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) in wastewater effluents by continuous-flow off-line pyrolysis-GC/MS

et al. 2022

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High production rates and wide areas of application of water-soluble polymers indicate their potential occurrence in wastewater. Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) is such a water-soluble and poorly biodegradable polymer with non-ionic, non-sticky, non-toxic and thermosensitive properties. Its field of applications covers being a constituent in aerosol sprays, pump sprays, and lotions as well as its usage as flocculant in wastewater treatment plants. However, although discharged into sewage treatment plants at high amounts, analytical methods for determining water soluble polymers, in particular PNVCL, in environmental samples are still missing. Therefore, this study aims at developing an efficient analytical method for detecting trace levels of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) in wastewaters by applying continuous-flow off-line Py-GC/MS for the first time. The approach was based on the identification of specific off-line pyrolysis products (ε-caprolactam, N-vinylcaprolactam) that haven been used in the following for a calibration process that allowed a quantitative determination. An evaluation including specificity, linearity, sensitivity and reproducibility characterized this approach as very suitable for detection of this polymer in complex environmental matrices such as wastewaters. Finally, the transferability has been checked by analyzing a real wastewater from a sewage treatment plant effluent. Here limitations especially due to matrix effects are lowering the sensitivity of the pyrolysis-based method. Nevertheless, a contamination with approx. 70 µg/L of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) was determined pointing to a huge emission of PNVCL into the aquatic environment and a general high environmental relevance of this synthetic polymer. Noteworthy, this is the first report on the occurrence of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) in environmental samples.

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Analysis of structurally modified polyacrylamides by on-line thermochemolysis-GC–MS

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Recent applications in analytical thermochemolysis

Recent applications in analytical thermochemolysis

Simultaneous Trace Identification and Quantification of Common Types of Microplastics in Environmental Samples by Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

Determination of the water-soluble polymer poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) in wastewater effluents by continuous-flow off-line pyrolysis-GC/MS

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