Analysis of surface films on lithium in various organic electrolytes

Kominato, Asao; Yasukawa, Eiki; Sato, Nao; Ijuuin, T.; Asahina, Hitoshi; Mori, Shoichiro

doi:10.1016/s0378-7753(97)02592-5

Cited by 69 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Chromatographic and mass spectrometry characterization techniques such as Decomposition Mass Spectroscopy (DMS), Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry (GC‐MS) and Ion Chromatography (IC), Matrix‐assisted Laser‐desorption Ionization Time‐of‐Flight (MALDI‐TOF) mass spectrometry may also help to analyze the composition of the Li surface. Kominato et al . and Ota et al .…”

Section: Characterization Of Li−metal Anodesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Except for the relatively common techniques as mentioned above, there are some other characterization techniques for Li−O 2 batteries analysis such as Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy (SFG), Scanning Vibrating Electrode Technique (SVET), Chromatographic and mass spectrometry characterization techniques . Other electrochemical techniques such as galvanostatic cycles are also used to indirectly analyze Li dendrite.…”

Section: Characterization Of Li−metal Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Safe Lithium‐Metal Anodes for Li−O₂ Batteries: From Fundamental Chemistry to Advanced Characterization and Effective Protection

Hong

Zhao

Xiao

et al. 2019

Batteries & Supercaps

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Rechargeable LiÀ O 2 batteries play an increasing important role as energy storage devices, which have both, a high capacity anode and a cathode using an inexhaustible resource. As a key component in LiÀ O 2 batteries, the Li-metal anode suffers from major drawbacks related to Li dendrite formation and SEI layer growth, which are also major issues for Li-metal rechargeable batteries. This review presents an overview on the scientific challenges, fundamental mechanisms and modification strategies of Li-metal anodes for LiÀ O 2 batteries. Firstly, basic principles and challenges on Li-metal anodes are briefly retrospected. We further summarize and categorize the prevailing characterization techniques based on Li dendrite morphology characterization and SEI composition analysis. The up-to-date development of in-situ and operando characterization is also included. Following the obtained insights, effective protection/modification strategies towards practical application for LiÀ O 2 batteries are presented. Furthermore, we highlight the significance of advanced characterization techniques in interrogating the buried keys for solving practical hindrances for LiÀ O 2 batteries. The comprehensive characterization and analysis of Li anodes, cathodes, and electrolytes by various methods together with the development of novel techniques are expected to be indispensable to gain a thorough understanding of the battery operation and for offering guidelines for their practical development.

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Section: Characterization Of Li−metal Anodesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Characterization Of Li−metal Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safe Lithium‐Metal Anodes for Li−O₂ Batteries: From Fundamental Chemistry to Advanced Characterization and Effective Protection

Hong

Zhao

Xiao

et al. 2019

Batteries & Supercaps

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show abstract

“…Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) results 32 implicate a C 2 H 3 O fragment as is the major component of the basal SEI, suggesting the presence of polymers containing oxygen groups. Interestingly, a sequence of masses: 311, 325, 339, 353, 367 (with a common difference of 14) was also found and can be assigned to polyolefins (CH 2 ) n . 32 In addition to the SEI formed on negative electrodes, a lesser-known analogous layer on positive electrodes of lithium ion batteries termed the cathode electrolyte interface (CEI) was also suggested.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Characterization of the Cathode Electrolyte Interface in Lithium Ion Batteries by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2016

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The solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formed via electrolyte decomposition on the anode of lithium ion batteries is largely responsible for the stable cycling of conventional lithium ion batteries. Similarly, there is a lesser-known analogous layer on the cathode side of a lithium ion battery, termed the cathode electrolyte interface (CEI), whose composition and role are debated. To confirm the existence and composition of the CEI, desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) is applied to study common lithium ion battery cathodes. We observe CEI formation on the LiMn2O4 cathode material after cycling between 3.5 and 4.5 V vs Li/Li(+) in electrolyte solution containing 1 M LiPF6 or LiClO4 in 1:1 (v/v) ethylene carbonate (EC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC). Intact poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether is identified as the electrolyte degradation product on the cathode surface by the high mass-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometer. When EC is paired with ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether, poly(ethylene glycol) ethyl methyl ether, and poly(ethylene glycol) are found on the surface simultaneously. The presence of ethoxy and methoxy end groups indicates both methoxide and ethoxide are produced and involved in the process of oligomerization. Au surfaces cycled under different electrochemical windows as model systems for Li-ion battery anodes are also examined. Interestingly, the identical oligomeric species to those found in the CEI are found on Au surfaces after running five cycles between 2.0 and 0.1 V vs Li/Li(+) in half-cells. These results show that DESI-MS provides intact molecular information on battery electrodes, enabling deeper understanding of the SEI or CEI composition.

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“…Nevertheless, the existing studies show the potential of AES and how the information about the chemical state and its lateral and depth distribution can contribute to the understanding of LIBs. Beside the depth profiling of several reaction layers of Li foil and different electrolytes [8], the oxidation of metallic Li under UHV conditions were studied and imaged by scanning Auger electron microscopy (SAM) [9]. Additionally the lithiation of silicon [10] and graphite [11] electrodes were investigated by AES.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges for lithium species identification in complementary Auger and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Hoffmann

Zier

Oswald

et al. 2015

Journal of Power Sources

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Analysis of surface films on lithium in various organic electrolytes

Cited by 69 publications

References 10 publications

Safe Lithium‐Metal Anodes for Li−O₂ Batteries: From Fundamental Chemistry to Advanced Characterization and Effective Protection

Safe Lithium‐Metal Anodes for Li−O₂ Batteries: From Fundamental Chemistry to Advanced Characterization and Effective Protection

Characterization of the Cathode Electrolyte Interface in Lithium Ion Batteries by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Challenges for lithium species identification in complementary Auger and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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Analysis of surface films on lithium in various organic electrolytes

Cited by 69 publications

References 10 publications

Safe Lithium‐Metal Anodes for Li−O2 Batteries: From Fundamental Chemistry to Advanced Characterization and Effective Protection

Safe Lithium‐Metal Anodes for Li−O2 Batteries: From Fundamental Chemistry to Advanced Characterization and Effective Protection

Characterization of the Cathode Electrolyte Interface in Lithium Ion Batteries by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Challenges for lithium species identification in complementary Auger and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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Product

Resources

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Safe Lithium‐Metal Anodes for Li−O₂ Batteries: From Fundamental Chemistry to Advanced Characterization and Effective Protection

Safe Lithium‐Metal Anodes for Li−O₂ Batteries: From Fundamental Chemistry to Advanced Characterization and Effective Protection