Analysis of T lymphocyte subsets proliferating in response to infective and UV-inactivated African swine fever viruses

Canals, A.; Alonso, Fernando; Tomillo, J.; Domı́nguez, Javier

doi:10.1016/0378-1135(92)90040-z

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…To examine the identity of the proliferating cells in more detail, flow cytometric analysis was performed of CD4 1 CD8 1 T-cells to increase (7,20,29). CD4/CD8 double-positive T-cells are thought to act as memory cells, and be involved in secondary responses to viral infections (44).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Longitudinal Study of Cell-Mediated Immunity in Pigs Infected with Porcine Parvovirus

Ladekjær-Mikkelsen¹,

Nielsen²

2002

Viral Immunology

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Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is an ubiquitous pathogen causing reproductive failure in swine. Protection against reproductive failure caused by acute PPV infection has commonly been related to the presence of specific antibodies in the dam. However, the role of cell-mediated immunity during chronic PPV infection remains to be elucidated, and may be relevant to the pathogenesis of novel diseases such as postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), which may be triggered by coinfection with PPV and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). To investigate whether pigs infected with PPV generate a cell-mediated immune response, a longitudinal infection experiment was performed, using swine leukocyte antigens (SLA) class I characterized growing pigs (haplotype H7/H7). Pigs were intranasally inoculated with PPV at 0, 80, and 136 days. At predetermined time points, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated, and virus-specific lymphoproliferative responses and the cytolytic activities of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells were examined. Cytolytic assays were performed by the chromium release method, using as targets a syngeneic porcine kidney cell line established for the purpose (CTL assays) and K562 cells (NK assays). A specific proliferative response of PBMC from virus-infected pigs to PPV was observed from day 101 onwards. In contrast, PBMC from mock-infected pigs did not proliferate in response to PPV. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that the CD4+CD8+ T-cell subset of PBMC proliferated in response to virus antigen, in keeping with the assumed role for these cells in immunological memory. This is, to our knowledge, the first indication of a cellular immune response following PPV infection. A weak CTL activity, which peaked on days 80 and 87, was observed in PPV-infected pigs. In vitro restimulation of PBMC with live PPV did not induce further CTL activity. A pronounced NK cell activity was detected in both virus-infected and control pigs throughout the experiment, and may have negatively affected the sensitivity of the CTL assay. In conclusion, the findings of a late lymphoproliferative response together with weak CTL activity are in keeping with an effective control of acute PPV infection by humoral immunity, but open the possibility that cellular immunity may play a role in controlling PPV reinfection. Finally, we find that the established experimental model using SLA characterized pigs may constitute a valuable tool for future studies of CTL activity in pigs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Longitudinal Study of Cell-Mediated Immunity in Pigs Infected with Porcine Parvovirus

Ladekjær-Mikkelsen¹,

Nielsen²

2002

Viral Immunology

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“…The importance of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in protection against ASFV has been demonstrated in a number of studies. Importantly, in vivo depletion of CD8 ϩ T cells decreases protection against ASFV in swine, and in vitro studies indicate that there is preferential proliferation of CD8 ϩ T cells in the presence of live virus, whereas both CD4 ϩ and CD8 ϩ T cells are stimulated by UV-inactivated virus (14,21). In addition, ASFV-specific CTL activity is detected in swine infected with nonlethal ASFV isolates (9,10,12,13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of Robust Immune Responses in Swine by Using a Cocktail of Adenovirus-Vectored African Swine Fever Virus Antigens

Lokhandwala

Waghela

Bray

et al. 2016

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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eThe African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a fatal hemorrhagic disease in domestic swine, and at present no treatment or vaccine is available. Natural and gene-deleted, live attenuated strains protect against closely related virulent strains; however, they are yet to be deployed and evaluated in the field to rule out chronic persistence and a potential for reversion to virulence. Previous studies suggest that antibodies play a role in protection, but induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (

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“…Briefly, swine were first infected by the oro-nasal route with 105 TCIDso of the E75 attenuated isolate and after a period of viremia they were challenged with the same dose of the virulent homologous virus. Cells of these pigs proliferate in vitro in response to ASF-virus as has been reported [14].…”

Section: Animal Inoculationmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…The fact that strong ASF virus specific proliferative responses are found in cells from animals immunized with attenuated strains of the virus [14] may be explained if the inhibitory factors are produced lately during cell infection, when the proliferative response is already going on. This is consistent with the results previously reported showing that it was necessary to incubate the cells four days with the virus before the inhibitory activity could be found in supernatants [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Inhibition of IL-2R and SLA class II expression on stimulated lymphocytes by a suppressor activity found in homogenates of African swine fever virus infected cultures

Canals

Domı́nguez

Tomillo

et al. 1995

Archives of Virology

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Virus free supernatants (VFS) obtained by ultracentrifugation of homogenates of African swine fever (ASF) virus infected cultures inhibited the proliferative response and the expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of two activation molecules, the IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) and the swine MHC class II antigens (SLA II), induced by several stimuli (lectins, PMA plus the calcium ionophore A23187 or specific antigen). This inhibition was time dependent: no effect was seen on IL-2R expression when VFS was added after 48 h, when the expression of this molecule reached its maximum. However at this time the proliferative response was still inhibited. The presence of VFS in the cultures was necessary to inhibit both the IL-2R expression and the proliferation of cells. In these conditions the addition of exogenous IL-2 to the cultures failed to restore the IL-2R expression and the proliferation shown by control stimulated cells. Furthermore, the IL-2 activity found in supernatants from cell cultures stimulated with Con A in the presence of VFS was even higher than in cultures stimulated without VFS. The inhibition observed suggests an important impairment of host immunocompetence in ASF infected swine.

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Analysis of T lymphocyte subsets proliferating in response to infective and UV-inactivated African swine fever viruses

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

A Longitudinal Study of Cell-Mediated Immunity in Pigs Infected with Porcine Parvovirus

A Longitudinal Study of Cell-Mediated Immunity in Pigs Infected with Porcine Parvovirus

Induction of Robust Immune Responses in Swine by Using a Cocktail of Adenovirus-Vectored African Swine Fever Virus Antigens

Inhibition of IL-2R and SLA class II expression on stimulated lymphocytes by a suppressor activity found in homogenates of African swine fever virus infected cultures

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