This article reveals the current problems of the development of industries and sectors of the country’s economy in the conditions of sanctions pressure, import substitution, the development of the concept of sustainable development. The authors analyzed the problems associated with the modernization of housing and communal services, renovation, import substitution in agriculture and the electrical industry, the production of domestic asynchronous motors for Russian electric trains.The question of the influence of the «green» economy on the development of light industry, the development of domestic fertilizers and plant protection products is raised, the positive experience of the development of the «BioMicroGels» company in the conditions of sanctions, sustainable development and import substitution programs is given.