Analysis of the role of the microporous layer in improving polymer electrolyte fuel cell performance

Zhou, Jie; Shukla, Shantanu; Pütz, Andreas; Secanell, Marc

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2018.02.100

Cited by 105 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…This low conductivity also results in heating the CL and enhances water evaporation. 23 The cathode MPL and GDL remain free of liquid water under these hot conditions, whereas the hydrophilic pores in the cathode CL are filled with liquid water for the hot and wet (T = 80°C, RH = 90%) conditions. A considerable gradient of water content is established across the thickness of the CCM, with a dry anode CL and a wet cathode CL.…”

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confidence: 97%

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Through-the-Membrane Transient Phenomena in PEM Fuel Cells: A Modeling Study

Goshtasbi

García-Salaberri

Chen

et al. 2019

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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This paper presents a 2D, fully coupled and comprehensive transient model that accounts for micro-structural features of various cell layers. The model benefits from state of the art sub-models for reaction kinetics and incorporates the polymer relaxation dynamics. Furthermore, a mixed wettability model is utilized to simulate the transient two phase conditions in the porous layers. The model is validated with transient experimental data under various conditions. A comprehensive simulation study is presented to investigate the impact of operating temperature and relative humidity on the transient response. The effects of cathode Pt loading and operation mode, i.e., current control versus voltage control, are also studied. The cell response is found to be dominated by water transport through its thickness. Additionally, it is found that reducing the Pt loading can influence the performance by changing the water balance in the cell, which has rarely been highlighted in the literature. In particular, at low temperature more water is transported toward the anode when the cathode Pt loading is reduced, since the resistance to water back diffusion is lowered with reduced thickness of the cathode catalyst layer. This trend is reversed at a higher temperature due to increased volumetric heat generation with reduced thickness. The model can help in understanding various transport phenomena and is expected to be useful for inspecting spatio-temporal temperature, potential, and species distributions across the cell's thickness and optimizing the cell design and choice of materials.

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confidence: 97%

“… 19,23. for SGL 34 series that are also applicable for theSGL 24 series used in this work.It should be noted that, as has been shown byZenyuk et al, the GDL PSD changes with compression.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Through-the-Membrane Transient Phenomena in PEM Fuel Cells: A Modeling Study

Goshtasbi

García-Salaberri

Chen

et al. 2019

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…These include: inclusion of anode [26], nonisothermal model [27][28][29], two-phase transport [30], and multiscale catalyst layers [31][32][33][34][35]. These current models have been used for studying the effect of several operating and structural parameters on PEFC performance [31][32][33][34][35]. These models accurately account for all macroscale physics and rib/channel effects, and are well suited for diagnostics of differential cells; however, they do not account for along-thechannel variations in integral cells.…”

Section: Diagnostic Methods Are Critical To Analyze Cell Performance mentioning

confidence: 99%

Along-the-channel modeling and analysis of PEFCs at low stoichiometry: Development of a 1+2D model

Pant

Gerhardt

Macauley

et al. 2019

Electrochimica Acta

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Water management remains a key challenge in polymer-electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). In this work, a pseudo 3-D (1+2D) model is developed to account better for changes of water management along the channel, as well as verify the possibilities of using differential cells for data capture. An accurate 2-D membrane-electrode-assembly (MEA) model is developed for differential cell modeling, which is combined with an along-the-channel stepping algorithm to account for down the channel changes in pressure, temperature, reactant concentration, and relative humidity. Variations in cell performance along the channel due to changes in operating conditions are characterized quantitatively and optimized. The 1+2D model is found to be critical at dry and low stoichiometry cell operations, where along the channel

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“…To improve the performance and durability components of PEMFC at low temperatures, a microporous layer (MPL) is used between the gas diffusion layer (GDL) and a membrane with a catalytic layer. The authors [43] showed that MPL helps to retain heat and improve water management inside the fuel cell. Also MPL allows to reduce ohmic losses and to improve the stability of fuel cell operation.…”

Section: Electrochemical Systems Based On Solid Polymer Electrolytementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Technologies for Low Temperatures

Фатеев¹,

Кулова²,

Серегина³

et al. 2019

Chemical Problems

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This review is devoted to analysis of the possibility to use electrochemical energy systems at low temperatures. It is not possible to attain this goal without ecologically pure autonomous energy sources -chemical current sources capable of operating at temperatures up to -60 °C which are presently under development. Renewable energy systems combined with hydrogen fuel cells can also be used for this purpose, in particular with fuel cells and solid polymer electrolyte that can already operate normally at temperatures ranging from -20 to +50 °C and are perspective to be used and stored at lower temperatures.

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Analysis of the role of the microporous layer in improving polymer electrolyte fuel cell performance

Cited by 105 publications

References 70 publications

Through-the-Membrane Transient Phenomena in PEM Fuel Cells: A Modeling Study

Through-the-Membrane Transient Phenomena in PEM Fuel Cells: A Modeling Study

Along-the-channel modeling and analysis of PEFCs at low stoichiometry: Development of a 1+2D model

Electrochemical Technologies for Low Temperatures

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