Analysis of tractor particulate emissions in a modified NRSC test after implementing a particulate filter in the exhaust system

Abstract

Abstract. Retrofitting, which means retrofitting old generation engine systems with modern exhaust aftertreatment systems, is becoming increasingly popular, which allow vehicles to adhere to the newer and more stringent emission norms. This can save the operators of such vehicles money using older engineered designs without the need to design a new unit or buy an expensive new machine or vehicle. At present, there is a growing interest in emissions from off-road vehicles and the introduction of minimum limits for older vehicles that must be met in order to be able to allow for their operation. For the purposes of this article, the Stage IIIA farm tractor has been fitted with a particulate filter in the exhaust system. The study investigated the impact of the use of exhaust aftertreatment systems on particle emissions in terms of mass, size distribution and number using PEMS analyzers in the modified NRSC stationary test by engine loading, using a mobile engine dynamometer and comparison of test results.

Machine Tool Transition from Industry 3.0 to 4.0: A Comparison between Old Machine Retrofitting and the Purchase of New Machines from a Triple Bottom Line Perspective

“…Abd-Alrazzaq et al [17] selected a conventional center lathe machine as a good candidate for the CNC retrofit; this is a low-cost solution that can ensure the high quality of the parts. Siedlecki et al [18] analyzed retrofitting of a farm tractor with a universal particle filter with the size chosen relative to engine displacement, finding that this alternative saves money and reduces emissions. Quatrano et al [19] retrofitted a CNC machine, considered obsolete due to high maintenance costs, by using low-cost off-the-shelf components and through open-source software to reduce the amount of electronic and industrial wastes.…”

Evaluation of pure rapeseed oil as a renewable fuel for agricultural machinery based on emission characteristics and long-term operation behaviour of a fleet of 18 tractors

“…For the power and emission measurements, the same R100 according to DIN 51605 was used as in field operations. The diesel fuel at the tractor test stand complied with CEC legislative fuel RF 06-03 based on test procedure ISO 8178-1 [18,[24][25][26][27].…”

“…For the emission measurements of tractors on a test bench, no standard is available. In several research projects, a procedure based on ISO 8178-1 was used [18,[24][25][26][27] and showed good reproducibility in a small-scaled round robin test [26]. Here, the tractors were operated using the C1 test cycle according to ISO 8178-4.…”

Method of determining the locomotive engine specific fuel consumption based on its operating conditions

“…Reducing fuel consumption also has its economic justification, because it reduces transport costs [1,2]. Therefore, in relation to combustion engines produced even ten years ago, emission factors and fuel consumption have decreased by at least a dozen percent, which contributes to greater environmental protection and is in line with the adopted policy of sustainable development [3,4]. Railway vehicle internal combustion engines, in the aspect of pollutant emissions, are type approved only at a stationary dynamometer stations.…”