Analysis of Various Interventions in the Management of Infantile Hemangiomas

Abstract

Introduction: Infantile hemangiomas are the most common benign vascular tumors of infancy. The prevalence is around 3-10%. The various risk factors include female gender, prematurity, low birth weight, multiple pregnancies, advanced maternal age and in vitro fertilization. IH most commonly affect the head and neck region. This study aims to give an insight and highlight the evidence-based approach in the management of IH. To assess the occurrence, plan Aim: of management and the interventions in the management of hemangiomas occurring in children. This study used a retrospective observational m Method: ethod to assess and evaluate the various interventions employed in the management of infantile hemangiomas between July 2021 and February 2022. A total of 50 patients were Result: included in the study, 30 were females and 20 males. 15 lesions were surgically treated, 5 underwent laser ablation and remaining 30 were treated with beta blockers and corticosteroids. The primary outcome measures were clearance, a subjective measure of improvement, and adverse events. Secondary outcomes were other measures of resolution; aesthetic appearance; and requirement for surgical correction. The Outcome: treatment of IH depends on the following factors: Type of hemangioma, stage of the lesion, location and extent, number and distribution of the lesion, associated systemic involvement, presence or absence of ulceration and psychosocial distress of the parents or child. In general, any function threatening (ocular, ear, nasal tip, lip, large disguring facial lesion and genitalia involvement) or life-threatening hemangioma, need intervention. The remaining cases need only active non-intervention, like education about the natural course, treatment options and anticipatory guidance. Systemic corticosteroids are used for complicated hemangiomas, followed by non-selective beta-blockers, such as oral propranolol and topical timolol can be used for uncomplicated localized lesions.