This paper focuses on the social effect assessment of the ecological governance of Poyang Lake wetland in Jiangxi Province. By distributing and collecting 1,098 valid questionnaires to the surrounding residents, this paper deeply explores the feedback of residents’ satisfaction and recognition on the effectiveness of wetland governance measures. Through the comprehensive use of regression analysis and descriptive statistical analysis methods, this paper deeply discusses the impact of the ecological management measures of Poyang Lake wetland on residents’ life quality, environmental protection awareness and community well-being. The study found that the wetland ecological management project was widely praised, and the overall satisfaction of residents was as high as 87.5%, reflecting a significant social effect. Further analysis revealed that satisfaction was affected by multiple factors, including age, education, quality of life and improvement of environmental quality. Residents’ cognition of wetland function is multi-dimensional and profound, but they still need to strengthen popular science education in deep-level ecological functions such as species protection. Based on the research conclusion, three policy suggestions are proposed: first, the government should strengthen ecological education and enhance the public awareness of environmental protection; second, the government should pay attention to the win-win of ecology and people's livelihood, promote the harmonious coexistence of wetland protection and community development; third, the government should improve the relevant infrastructure, strengthen environmental protection facilities, scientific research monitoring and legal construction, and lay a solid foundation for the sustainable protection and utilization of wetland resources.
