Analytical human biomonitoring method for the identification and quantification of the metabolite BDCPP originated from the organophosphate flame retardant TDCPP in urine

Krystek, Petra; Beeltje, Henry; Noteboom, Maarten; Hoeven, Eric M. van den; Houtzager, Marc M.G.

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2019.03.036

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Data on OPFRs in feces are scant and most are from in vivo laboratory studies. − The median TBOEP concentration in feces ranged from 46 ng/g lipid for chimpanzee to 500 ng/g lipid for red-tailed monkey. The predominance of TBOEP among OPFRs was also confirmed in air, house dust, and biota. , TEP in feces from Uganda was higher than in samples from Indiana and Costa Rica (Table ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feces are Effective Biological Samples for Measuring Pesticides and Flame Retardants in Primates

Wang

Steiniche

Rothman

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The habitats of wild primates are increasingly threatened by surrounding anthropogenic pressures, but little is known about primate exposure to frequently used chemicals. We applied a novel method to simultaneously measure 21 legacy pesticides (OCPs), 29 current use pesticides (CUPs), 47 halogenated flame retardants (HFRs), and 19 organophosphate flame retardants in feces from baboons in the U.S.A., howler monkeys in Costa Rica, and baboons, chimpanzees, red-tailed monkeys, and red colobus in Uganda. The most abundant chemicals were α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), and hexachlorobenzene among OCPs across all sites, chlorpyrifos among CUPs in Costa Rica and Indiana, decabromodiphenylethane (DBDPE) in Costa Rica and Indiana and 2, 2', 4, 4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) in Uganda as HFRs, and tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP) as OPFRs across all sites. The detected chemical concentrations were generally higher in red-tailed monkeys and red colobus than in chimpanzees and baboons. Our methods can be used to examine the threat of chemical pollutants to wildlife, which is critical for endangered species where only noninvasive methods can be used.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feces are Effective Biological Samples for Measuring Pesticides and Flame Retardants in Primates

Wang

Steiniche

Rothman

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…The used metabolite might also have an impact on the EDI. The provided metabolite BDCIPP is known as an appropriate biomarker for TDCIPP since no other OPFR is metabolized to BDCIPP [ 29 ]. In the case of TCIPP, the provided metabolite BCIPP may not be the most representative biomarker.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment of Dietary Exposure to Organophosphorus Flame Retardants in Children by Using HBM-Data

Plichta

Steinwider

Vogel

et al. 2022

Toxics

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Due to their extensive usage, organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) have been detected in humans and in the environment. Human are exposed to OPFRs via inhalation of indoor air, dust uptake or dietary uptake through contaminated food and drinking water. Only recently, few studies addressing dietary exposure to OPFRs were published. In this study, we used human biomonitoring (HBM) data of OPFRs to estimate how much the dietary intake may contribute to the total exposure. We estimated by reverse dosimetry, the daily intake of tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCIPP), tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) for children using HBM data from studies with sampling sites in Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Slovenia and Slovakia. For estimating the dietary exposure, a deterministic approach was chosen. The occurrence data of selected food categories were used from a published Belgium food basket study. Since the occurrence data were left-censored, the Lower bound (LB)—Upper bound (UB) approach was used. The estimated daily intake (EDI) calculated on the basis of urine metabolite concentrations ranged from 0.03 to 0.18 µg/kg bw/d for TDCIPP, from 0.05 to 0.17 µg/kg bw/d for TCIPP and from 0.02 to 0.2 µg/kg bw/d for TCEP. Based on national food consumption data and occurrence data, the estimated dietary intake for TDCIPP ranged from 0.005 to 0.09 µg/kg bw/d, for TCIPP ranged from 0.037 to 0.2 µg/kg bw/d and for TCEP ranged from 0.007 to 0.018 µg/kg bw/d (summarized for all countries). The estimated dietary intake of TDCIPP contributes 11–173% to the EDI, depending on country and LB-UB scenario. The estimated dietary uptake of TCIPP was in all calculations, except in Belgium and France, above 100%. In the case of TCEP, it is assumed that the dietary intake ranges from 6 to 57%. The EDI and the estimated dietary intake contribute less than 3% to the reference dose (RfD). Therefore, the estimated exposure to OPFRs indicates a minimal health risk based on the current knowledge of available exposure, kinetic and toxicity data. We were able to show that the dietary exposure can have an impact on the general exposure based on our underlying exposure scenarios.

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Investigation of Urinary Metabolites of Organophosphate Esters in Hanoi, Vietnam: Assessment Exposure and Estimated Daily Intake

Trinh,

Truong,

Duong

et al. 2024

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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Analytical human biomonitoring method for the identification and quantification of the metabolite BDCPP originated from the organophosphate flame retardant TDCPP in urine

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

Feces are Effective Biological Samples for Measuring Pesticides and Flame Retardants in Primates

Feces are Effective Biological Samples for Measuring Pesticides and Flame Retardants in Primates

Risk Assessment of Dietary Exposure to Organophosphorus Flame Retardants in Children by Using HBM-Data

Investigation of Urinary Metabolites of Organophosphate Esters in Hanoi, Vietnam: Assessment Exposure and Estimated Daily Intake

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