Analytical Provision of Computational Operations and Directions for Their Improvement

Abstract

The purpose of the article is the method of analysis of settlements with debtors and creditors and determination of directions for their improvement. Methodology. In the process of solving the tasks of scientific research, general and special methods of research were applied: descriptive-analytical method, systematic approach, method of analysis and synthesis, method of systematization, method of comparison, method of scientific generalization. Results. It has been proved that the anti-crisis management system should provide a proper approach to the enterprise's debts, for their effective management, ensure the optimal ratio of receivables and payables, prevent their overdue occurrence, systematically monitor payments. The current state of enterprise settlements is characterized by an unsatisfactory level of payment discipline of subjects of economic activity and requires strengthening of their control both by state authorities in the sphere of economic policy implementation and by enterprises themselves. It was determined that the main source of information is regulatory acts, accounting data and the main stages of analysis of accounting transactions. The analysis of the company's receivables allows to estimate the possible amount of income that can be received in the form of fines, penalties and fines from the debtors who are in arrears. Characteristics of qualitative changes of liabilities in the structure of the company's liabilities can be obtained using horizontal and vertical analysis of the balance sheet. Horizontal analysis allows to compare indicators of liabilities for different periods. The necessity of analyzing the dynamics of the accounting operations of a business entity is covered. The existence of overdue receivables, especially bad debts, which are classified as doubtful debts, as well as an unjustified increase in receivables in general, adversely affects the financial position of the Company and leads to a shortage of financial resources. Bad debts are eliminated by writing them off against the company's losses as receivables for which the statute of limitations has expired. Special attention should be paid to the date of incurrence of the payable debt, the term of its repayment, the time of delay in the return of the debt, the reasons for its incurrence. Practical implications. It is possible to accelerate the repayment of receivables by getting acquainted with the financial condition of buyers and gaining confidence in their further solvency, timely execution of settlement documents, granting discounts to buyers for shortening the terms of payment of invoices, introducing penalties for late payments, releasing goods to buyers on prepayment terms, etc. In order to effectively manage the liabilities of Trans-Market, LLC, it is necessary to monitor the ratio of receivables and payables, to monitor the status of payments for overdue receivables, to timely identify unacceptable types of liabilities, which primarily include overdue debts to suppliers, payments to the budget, etc. Value/originality. A comprehensive analysis of receivables and payables in the enterprise management system is optimal. It makes it possible to assess the real state of the company's receivables and payables, to identify "bottlenecks" in the management of this type of debt, and to develop measures aimed at reducing or recovering overdue or doubtful receivables.