Analyzing pilots’ fatigue for prolonged flight missions: Multimodal analysis approach using vigilance test and eye tracking

Naeeri, Salem; Mandal, Saptarshi; Kang, Ziho

doi:10.1177/1071181319631092

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Hence, before developing the pilot fatigue prediction model, we explored the limitations of the various pilot fatigue evaluation methods so that we could implement the most appropriate method (or a combination of eye tracking and PVT) in our case. The various pilot fatigue evaluation methods implemented in earlier studies can be broadly categorized into subjective methods [14], objective methods [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], and hybrid of subjective and objective methods [11,[24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multimodal Analysis of Eye Movements and Fatigue in a Simulated Glass Cockpit Environment

et al. 2021

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Pilot fatigue is a critical reason for aviation accidents related to human errors. Human-related accidents might be reduced if the pilots’ eye movement measures can be leveraged to predict fatigue. Eye tracking can be a non-intrusive viable approach that does not require the pilots to pause their current task, and the device does not need to be in direct contact with the pilots. In this study, the positive or negative correlations among the psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) measures (i.e., reaction times, number of false alarms, and number of lapses) and eye movement measures (i.e., pupil size, eye fixation number, eye fixation duration, visual entropy) were investigated. Then, fatigue predictive models were developed to predict fatigue using eye movement measures identified through forward and backward stepwise regressions. The proposed approach was implemented in a simulated short-haul multiphase flight mission involving novice and expert pilots. The results showed that the correlations among the measures were different based on expertise (i.e., novices vs. experts); thus, two predictive models were developed accordingly. In addition, the results from the regressions showed that either a single or a subset of the eye movement measures might be sufficient to predict fatigue. The results show the promise of using non-intrusive eye movements as an indicator for fatigue prediction and provides a foundation that can lead us closer to developing a near real-time warning system to prevent critical accidents.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, these methods might affect the accuracy of the fatigue prediction model. Objective methods include psychomotor vigilance tasks (PVTs) [15], EEG [16][17][18], eye tracking [19,20], or a combination of those methods (e.g., PVT and eye tracking) [21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal Analysis of Eye Movements and Fatigue in a Simulated Glass Cockpit Environment

et al. 2021

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“…This first is that the research question concerns a particular area of fixation. For example, fixations on specific road signs [38] or hazard indicators can be an important criterion for determining whether a driver will be aware of a hazard the sign references; fixations on specific panels are therefore an essential standard to evaluate the performance of pilots [3], [48]. Another necessary condition of the stimuli-generated method is that stimuli are easy to separate.…”

Section: B Stimulus-generated Aoismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Eye Tracking in Automobile and Aviation Studies: Implications for Eye-Tracking Studies in Marine Operations

Mao

Hildre

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Human-Mach. Syst.

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In the last decade researchers have increasingly considered eye tracking of the operators of cars and airplanes as a means to address human error and evaluate operational effectiveness. This article presents a systematic survey of recently published papers about this approach in service to the question as to whether eye tracking can be used to address operational safety in marine operations. The surveyed papers are selected systematically and were categorized according to several defined characteristics. Eye tracking depends on defining operators' areas of interest (AOIs) and measuring operators focus on them over time. We identified the method of defining AOIs as a key distinction between studies; the papers fell into four categories, depending on whether researchers relied on an expert, based it on the stimulus itself, or used an attention map or a clustering algorithm to define the AOIs they used. The article also summarizes and analyzes the design and procedure of the eye-tracking experiments in the papers. Based on the features of marine operation, instruction on AOI definition in different scenarios is extracted; guidelines on experimental design and procedure selection are provided. In the article's conclusion we apply the results to a case study of a heavy-lifting operation to demonstrate the effectiveness of eye-tracking in marine operations. Index Terms-Area of interest (AOI) definition method, automobile and aviation, eye tracking, knowledge transfer, marine operation. I. INTRODUCTION E YE tracking is a sensor technology that captures human eye behavior. It has been widely used to gain insight about automobile operation [1], [2], aviation [3], [4], web searching [5], reading [6], drawing [7], medical surgery [8], energy [9], mining [10], offshore [11], and the effect of depictions of healthy and unhealthy foods on children [12]. Among these, automobile and aviation are the two frequently studied fields with a wide range of research applications. Studies in these areas have focused either directly on safety or mental testing of drivers/pilots.

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“…The model is quite extensive and includes almost all the variables considered in burnout studies (Naeeri et al, 2019). According to this model, the characteristics of the individual, work environment and social environment are very effective in coping with burnout.…”

Section: Burnout/fatigue Models Meier Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the relationship between burnout and job satisfaction of flight crew

Özel¹,

Hacıoğlu²

2021

IJBES

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Fatigue as an emerging flight safety issue in the aviation industry requires an elaborate understanding and critical approach for proactive aviation management practices. The level of flight crew stress and fatigue must be critically managed to prevent flight accidents. Additionally, stress and fatigue have a negative influence on job satisfaction levels. This paper aims to examine the critical fatigue risk factors that affect the performance and safety of airline pilots and crew in the aviation industry. This paper also analyses the relationship between burnout and job satisfaction sub-dimensions. A factor analysis with a target population of 254 international flight crew has been conducted using the Minnesota Job Satisfaction Survey and Maslach Burnout questionnaire. The main findings of the study demonstrate that (i) cockpit and cabin crews’ job satisfaction and performance have been affected by stress and fatigue, (ii) psychological depression, anxiety and personal problems of the flight crew are the main causes of emotional fatigue, (iii) extensive flight hours and dealing with problematic passengers increase flight crew fatigue, (iv) personal achievements concerns and depersonalization increase flight crew fatigue.

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Analyzing pilots’ fatigue for prolonged flight missions: Multimodal analysis approach using vigilance test and eye tracking

Cited by 17 publications

References 16 publications

Multimodal Analysis of Eye Movements and Fatigue in a Simulated Glass Cockpit Environment

Multimodal Analysis of Eye Movements and Fatigue in a Simulated Glass Cockpit Environment

A Survey of Eye Tracking in Automobile and Aviation Studies: Implications for Eye-Tracking Studies in Marine Operations

Examining the relationship between burnout and job satisfaction of flight crew

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