Analyzing soil contamination status in garage and auto mechanical workshops of Shashemane City: implication for hazardous waste management

Abstract

Background: Historically human being exist in harmony with their environment. However, the current rapid urbanization, industrialization and expansion of different economic activities were lead to contamination of environmental resources. Hence, the aim of this study was determining the level of heavy metal contamination of soil in garage and auto-mechanical workshops and comparing with existing national and international standards so as to now the impact they had on human being and environment.Methods: To achieve objectives, a total of 36 soil sample were collected form 0-15, 15-30 and 30-45 cm soil depth using calibrated auger. Three control soil samples were also collected from undisturbed area for comparison of the result so as to know the level of pollution. The concentration of heavy metal in soil samples were determined using atomic absorption spectrometer and calculation of their contamination factor, geo-accumulation index and pollution load index were done using SPSS version 20.0. To check variability of the pollutant under different service year of garage and soil depth, correlation analysis and analysis of variance were tested at α (alpha) = 0.05 significance level. Results:The result of study showed that the overall mean concentrations of the heavy metals viz. chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd) and cobalt (CO) were 290.1, 782.1, 443.6, 133.1 and 331.0 ppm respectively which is extremely higher than US EPA and EU regulation standards. Conclusion:The value of contamination factor and degree of contamination indicated that the study area is considerably polluted by heavy metals under investigation and hence require urgent remedial action for its reclamation.

Suitability of environmental indices in assessment of soil remediation with conventional and next generation washing agents

“…Modified contamination factor (mC f ). The contamination factor (C f ), originally proposed by Hakanson 21 for sediments, now is commonly used to assess soil contamination with metals 23,[32][33][34][35] . For C f calculation, mostly preindustrial or geochemical background concentrations of metals are used.…”

“…Like the C f , the C deg was also used to assess soil contamination with metals 23,[32][33][34][35] . Because in the present study, the C f was changed for mC f , consequently the C deg was changed for mC deg and the mC deg equation was modified as follows:…”

Determination of Heavy Metal Contamination in Soil and Accumulation in Cassava (Manihot Esculenta) in Automobile Waste Dumpsite at Ohiya Mechanic Village

“…Quite a number of research on mechanic village or artisanal activities have been carried out in terms of heavy metal contamination in soil in Cape Coast metropolis, Ghana (Nyarko et al, 2019) Shashemane City, Ethiopia (Demie, 2015), Akure, Ondo State (Oguntimehin and Ipinmoroti, 2008), Imo river basin, Imo State (Nwachukwu et al, 2010), Gboko and Makurdi, Benue State (Pam et al, 2013;Luter et al, 2011), Anyigba, Kogi State (Ogunkolu et al, 2019), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State (Wilberforce, 2016), Port Harcourt, River State (Iwegbue et al, 2007), Okitipupa, Ondo State (Adebayo et al, 2017), Oghara, Delta State (Anegbe et al, 2018), Benin City, Edo State (Idugboe et al, 2014), soil and underground water (Owoso et al, 2017), soil and maize (Zea mays) Gwagwalada, Abuja (Okpanachi et al, 2016), pawpaw (Carica papaya Linn.) Port Harcourt metropolis, Rivers State (Eludoyin and Ogbe, 2017) in Nigeria.…”

Toxic Air and Soil in Automobile Workshop Impact Negatively on the Health Status of Automechanics: The Nigeria Environment

“…Studies have established association of the automobile workshop with adverse health effects on automobile workers [4,11] while some has suggested contrarily [12]. Evidence exist which suggests that automechanic workshop soils are potential source of pollution to the environment as well as to life [13][14][15][16][17], selectively supports the growth of petroleum hydrocarbon microorganism utilizers [18]. Furthermore, it has been recognized that activities in auto-mechanical workshops increase air pollution [19][20] which has short and long-term effects on lung health [21].…”