Analyzing the influence of high electrode potentials on intrinsic properties of catalyst coated membranes using impedance spectroscopy

Alink, Robert; Schüßler, Martina; Pospischil, Maximilian; Erath, D.; Gerteisen, Dietmar

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.07.084

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Materials: Chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate (H 2 PtCl 6 •xH 2 O; 38-40% Pt; 99.9% Pt; Strem Chemicals), isopropanol, and 1,2-propanediol (Sigma) were of analytical grade and used as received. DI water (18.2 MΩ) was produced by using a Milli-Q water purification system with a Q-POD element.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A ternary solvent mixture of water, isopropanol, and 1,2-propanediol was identified in this work as the ideal carrier for the Pt precursor ink and for printing with high resolution on the ITO-coated glass slides. In fact, 50 mg of the Pt precursor H 2 PtCl 6 •xH 2 O could be dissolved in 1 mL of the ink. The jettability of an ink can be characterized by using the Ohnesorge number.…”

Section: Wwwadvmattechnoldementioning

confidence: 99%

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Print‐Light‐Synthesis of Platinum Nanostructured Indium‐Tin‐Oxide Electrodes for Energy Research

Lesch

2017

Adv Materials Technologies

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Print‐light‐synthesis is a new concept for the large‐scale in situ fabrication of nanoparticles and structures on large substrates. Here, Pt nanoparticles are synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass slides by using combined inkjet printing and photonic curing operated under ambient conditions and with low material usage. A formulated chloroplatinic acid based ink provides stable and reproducible jetting, optimized ink–substrate interaction and fast ink drying to create well‐defined thin precursor films acting as nanoreactors. The precursor loading is precisely controlled by the printing parameters. Then, a short light pulse from a Xe flash lamp fully converts the printed Pt precursor containing film into pure Pt nanoparticles. The optimum precursor coverage is ≈1 µg mm−2 Pt consuming as less as ≈50 nL mm−2 of ink. Neither reducing nor capping agents are used resulting in pure Pt nanoparticles (30 nm average size) and micrometer‐size aggregates. The nanostructures are well‐adhered to the ITO substrate and show a stable electrochemical performance for the oxygen reduction reaction. The fast and cost‐effective process optimization in terms of ink formulation, substrate pre‐treatment, inkjet printing resolution, and post‐processing for the rapid fabrication of Pt nano‐ and microparticle‐coated ITO electrodes is presented and discussed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wwwadvmattechnoldementioning

confidence: 99%

Print‐Light‐Synthesis of Platinum Nanostructured Indium‐Tin‐Oxide Electrodes for Energy Research

Lesch

2017

Adv Materials Technologies

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“…[6] Transmission line models were preferred when the focus was on the catalyst layer behavior. [25,26] A capacitance was substituted by a constant phase element (CPE) in case the inhomogeneities of the porous catalyst layers wanted to be included. Effects related to mass transport limitation could be addressed by including a Warburg element (Wrb) in the parallel group or by an additional group of resistance in parallel with a capacitance (R//C).…”

Section: Ecmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitic Effects in Impedance Spectrum of PEM Water Electrolysis Cells: Case Study of High‐Frequency Inductive Effects

Franzetti,

Pushkarev,

Chan

et al. 2023

Energy Tech

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Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a powerful tool to characterize and distinguish electrochemical, electrical, and diffusive processes in an electrolysis cell. The EIS response with small impedance (mΩ) depends on components and materials of the cell, but often also on the electrical setup, cables, and connectors, leading to incorrect conclusions about the performance of the electrolysis cells. These parasitic effects are assessed via a short‐circuit measurement and confirmed to be external from the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). In the setup, the inductive characteristic is described by a modified inductive reactance and must be included in the equivalent circuit model (ECM) which is fitting the cell EIS spectra in operation (in situ). If points of the spectra showing inductive characteristic (below x‐axis in Nyquist plot) are excluded from the ECM evaluation, an artificially increased ohmic resistance at high frequencies is obtained. In addition, considerations on other components of the ECM can be misleading and significantly incorrect. The only way to avoid that inductive behavior caused by the external setup is incorrectly assigned to the ECM describing properties of the MEA is to include the inductive effects in the ECM analysis of in situ EIS measurements.

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“…Whereas the CCM-MEA has been intensively studied for PEM fuel cells (PEMFC) [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41], direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) [42][43][44] and PEM electrolysers [44][45][46][47][48][49] to advantage, there is a lack of similar investigations for an alkaline environment due to the absence of an appropriate anion-selective polymer binder. To our knowledge, the only study evaluating the performance CCM-MEAs is that of Leng et al, who coated the surfaces of a commercial A201 membrane (Tokuyama Corp., Japan) with IrO2 catalytic ink (loading: 2.9 mg/cm 2 ) and Pt catalytic ink (loading: 3.2 mg/cm 2 ), using AS-4 ionomer (Tokuyama Corp., Japan) as a binder on the anode and cathode sides, respectively [50].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and testing of a novel catalyst-coated membrane with platinum-free catalysts for alkaline water electrolysis

Hnát

Plevová

Tufa

et al. 2019

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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A stable, non-platinum-catalyst-coated anion-exchange membrane with a promising performance for alkaline water electrolysis as an energy conversion technology is prepared and tested. Hot plate spraying technique is used to deposit electrodes on surface of the anion selective polymer electrolyte membrane in the thicknesses of 35 and 120 m corresponding to the catalyst load of 2.5 and 10 mg cm -2 . The platinum free catalysts based on NiCo2O4 for anode and NiFe2O4 for cathode were used together with anion selective polymer binder in the catalyst/binder ratio equal to 9:1. The performance of the prepared membrane electrode assembly is verified under the conditions of the alkaline water electrolysis using different concentrations of the liquid electrolyte ranging from 1 to 15 wt.% KOH. The electrolyser performance is compared to the cell utilising the catalyst coated Ni foam as electrodes. The prepared membrane-electrode assembly stability at a current load of 250 mA cm -2 is verified by an electrolysis test lasting for 72 hours. Results of the experiments provided indicate a possibility of the significant catalyst loading reduction when compared to the catalyst coated electrode approach.

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Analyzing the influence of high electrode potentials on intrinsic properties of catalyst coated membranes using impedance spectroscopy

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Print‐Light‐Synthesis of Platinum Nanostructured Indium‐Tin‐Oxide Electrodes for Energy Research

Print‐Light‐Synthesis of Platinum Nanostructured Indium‐Tin‐Oxide Electrodes for Energy Research

Parasitic Effects in Impedance Spectrum of PEM Water Electrolysis Cells: Case Study of High‐Frequency Inductive Effects

Development and testing of a novel catalyst-coated membrane with platinum-free catalysts for alkaline water electrolysis

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