Anatomia Foliar de Socratea exorrhiza (Mart.) H. Wendl. (Arecaceae)

Kikuchi, Tatiani Yuriko Souza; Braga, Zélia Valente; Potiguara, Raimunda Conceição de Vilhena

doi:10.18561/2179-5746/biotaamazonia.v6n2p73-79

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Starch grains, observed in spiranthosomes for the first time in leaves, were also found inside stomata guard cells of the studied species ( Figure 5 h). Starch grains in guard cells have been reported in other orchids [ 70 ] and other Angiosperms [ 71 , 72 , 73 ]. According to Appezzato-da-Glória and Carmello-Guerreiro [ 54 ], potassium levels in those structures appear to be associated with starch hydrolysis, which provides those organic anions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy and Histochemistry of the Vegetative System of Brachystele guayanensis (Lindl.) Schltr. (Orchidaceae), a Potential Medicinal Species

Santos

Silva

2023

Plants

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The orchid genus Brachystele Schltr. (Orchidoideae, Cranichideae, Spiranthinae) comprises 20 species distributed from Mexico to Argentina, with 10 species found in Brazil. Anatomical studies of Orchidoideae Lindl. have been scarce, and the anatomy and histochemistry of Brachystele are still largely unknown. In this study, we conducted a characterization of the vegetative organs of B. guayanensis (Lindl.) Schltr. using standard anatomical and histochemical microtechniques. In this study, we provide the first information about the anatomy and histochemistry of Brachystele. The studied species was observed to display anatomical characters commonly found in the vegetative organs of representatives of the Cranichideae tribe (e.g., uniseriate epidermis; homogeneous mesophyll with 6–11 layers; rhizomes with rings of fibers; vascular bundles in the form of “^” or “v”; fleshy roots with uniseriate velamen, simple trichomes, and spiranthosomes). Others can be interpreted as adaptive strategies conditioned by the environment and their terrestrial life form (e.g., cuticle thickness; amphistomatic leaves; roots with reduced velamen compared to the cortex (18–20 layers); and raphides). In this study, cataphylls, and the presence of spiranthosomes in leaves, including stomatal guard cells, as well as alkaloids in these structures, are anatomically described for the first time in Orchidaceae. The presence of hyphae and pelotons in the stem of B. guayanensis is described for the first time in Cranichideae. Histochemical tests confirmed the presence of lignin, proteins, and alkaloids, the lipidic nature of the cuticle, starch grains stored in spiranthosomes, and the composition of the raphides. Alkaloids were observed in abundance, particularly in the roots, suggesting a potential role in defense against pathogens and herbivores, as well as potential medicinal activities, as seen in phylogenetically related groups to Brachystele.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy and Histochemistry of the Vegetative System of Brachystele guayanensis (Lindl.) Schltr. (Orchidaceae), a Potential Medicinal Species

Santos

Silva

2023

Plants

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“…H. Wendl. (Arecaceae) by Nunes et al [56], Kikuchi et al [57] and Reis and Alvim [58]. According to Appezzato-da-Glória and Carmello-Guerreiro [35], potassium levels in those structures appear to be associated with starch hydrolysis, which provides those organic anions.…”

Section: Histochemistry Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy and Histochemistry of the Vegetative Organs of Brachystele guayanensis (Lindl.) Schltr. (Orchidaceae), a Potential Medicinal Species

Santos¹,

Silva²

2023

Preprint

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The orchid genus Brachystele Schltr. comprises 20 species distributed from Mexico to Argentina; 10 are found in Brazil. Anatomical studies of Orchidoideae Lindl. have been scarce, and the anatomy and histochemistry of Brachystele are still largely unknown. We characterized the vegetative organs of B. guayanensis (Lindl.) Schltr. using standard anatomical and histochemical microtechniques. Brachystele guayanensis was observed to display the anatomical characters commonly found in the vegetative organs of representatives of the Orchidaceae and Orchidoideae (including a uniseriate epidermis, thin cuticle, amphistomatic leaves, anomocytic, diacytic and tetracytic stomata, a homogeneous mesophyll, collateral vascular bundles, rhizomes with pericyclic fibers, roots with velamen, uniseriate exodermis, endodermis and pericycle). Histochemical tests confirmed the presence of lignin, proteins, and alkaloids, the lipidic nature of the cuticle, starch grains stored in spiranthosomes in the roots, and the composition of the raphides. Alkaloids were observed in great abundance, especially in the roots, and may have potentially useful medicinal activities, as has been observed in groups phylogenetically related to Brachystele.

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Contribution to the taxonomic elucidation of the Geonoma maxima complex (Arecaceae) in Central Amazonia, Brazil

de Souza,

de Mendonça,

Hopkins

et al. 2023

Botany

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Geonoma maxima is an example of a species complex, among many others restricted to Neotropical rain forests, and which contribute to their high species diversity. Using environmental, morphological, karyological, and molecular data, we aim to test the taxonomic circumscription of three of the 11 G. maxima subspecies defined in the latest taxonomic treatment. We evaluated 217 samples of G. maxima complex from Ducke Reserve in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. Environmental preferences were significant at the of 0.1% level. Subsp maxima occurred in the slope, subsp chelidonura in the floodplain, and subsp spixiana in the plateau. Leaf morphology and height were different for each subspecies, but not leaf anatomy. The karyotypes of subspp chelidonura and maxima were symmetrical with 2n=28 chromosomes, 16 metacentric and 12 submetacentric. Molecular analysis revealed two groups, one comprised by subsp maxima and chelidonura, and the other formed exclusively by subsp spixiana. At Ducke Reserve, it is clear that the three subspecies are easily recognizable morphologically and ecologically, and it is likely that they do not interbreed locally. However, if these subspecies are analyzed on a larger geographic scale, it may not be possible to separate them.

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Anatomia Foliar de Socratea exorrhiza (Mart.) H. Wendl. (Arecaceae)

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Anatomy and Histochemistry of the Vegetative System of Brachystele guayanensis (Lindl.) Schltr. (Orchidaceae), a Potential Medicinal Species

Anatomy and Histochemistry of the Vegetative System of Brachystele guayanensis (Lindl.) Schltr. (Orchidaceae), a Potential Medicinal Species

Anatomy and Histochemistry of the Vegetative Organs of Brachystele guayanensis (Lindl.) Schltr. (Orchidaceae), a Potential Medicinal Species

Contribution to the taxonomic elucidation of the Geonoma maxima complex (Arecaceae) in Central Amazonia, Brazil

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