Ancient Nuclear Receptor VDR With New Functions: Microbiome and Inflammation

Bakke, Danika; Sun, Jun

doi:10.1093/ibd/izy092

Cited by 108 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 69 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Vitamin D is well known for its role in bone mineralization via phosphorus and calcium homeostasis. However, the VDR is ubiquitously expressed in other body tissues, such as intestinal, immune, endothelial and smooth vascular cells [ 123 , 124 ]. Moreover, vitamin D has also been investigated for its role in the regulation of immune function, inflammation, control of cell proliferation and apoptosis; potential inverse associations between vitamin D and chronic diseases (cardiovascular, autoimmune and cancer diseases) have thus been suggested [ 125 , 126 ].…”

Section: Micronutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Diet, Micronutrients and the Gut Microbiota in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: New Perspectives from the Gut–Retina Axis

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex multifactorial disease and the primary cause of legal and irreversible blindness among individuals aged ≥65 years in developed countries. Globally, it affects 30–50 million individuals, with an estimated increase of approximately 200 million by 2020 and approximately 300 million by 2040. Currently, the neovascular form may be able to be treated with the use of anti-VEGF drugs, while no effective treatments are available for the dry form. Many studies, such as the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) and AREDS 2, have shown a potential role of micronutrient supplementation in lowering the risk of progression of the early stages of AMD. Recently, low-grade inflammation, sustained by dysbiosis and a leaky gut, has been shown to contribute to the development of AMD. Given the ascertained influence of the gut microbiota in systemic low-grade inflammation and its potential modulation by macro- and micro-nutrients, a potential role of diet in AMD has been proposed. This review discusses the role of the gut microbiota in the development of AMD. Using PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus, we searched for recent scientific evidence discussing the impact of dietary habits (high-fat and high-glucose or -fructose diets), micronutrients (vitamins C, E, and D, zinc, beta-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin) and omega-3 fatty acids on the modulation of the gut microbiota and their relationship with AMD risk and progression.

show abstract

Section: Micronutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Diet, Micronutrients and the Gut Microbiota in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: New Perspectives from the Gut–Retina Axis

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…LCA-producing bacteria may induce a favorable environment by regulating host immunity though VDR activation. The VDR regulates the intestinal proliferation, barrier function, and immunity, and plays a protective role in inflammatory bowel diseases [ 38 ]. We suggest two possible roles of the LCA−VDR axis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used male mice in this study. Sex-related differences have been reported in the phenotypes of the VDR knockout mice in lipid metabolism and resistance to obesity, and in skeletal structures [ 49 , 50 ], in VDR single nucleotide polymorphisms with human immune, as well as intestinal pathology [ 38 ], and also in bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota [ 51 ]. Further studies are needed to elucidate the physiological and pathological roles of LCA as a VDR ligand in the intestine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithocholic Acid Is a Vitamin D Receptor Ligand That Acts Preferentially in the Ileum

Ishizawa

Akagi

Makishima

2018

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a nuclear receptor that mediates the biological action of the active form of vitamin D, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], and regulates calcium and bone metabolism. Lithocholic acid (LCA), which is a secondary bile acid produced by intestinal bacteria, acts as an additional physiological VDR ligand. Despite recent progress, however, the physiological function of the LCA−VDR axis remains unclear. In this study, in order to elucidate the differences in VDR action induced by 1,25(OH)2D3 and LCA, we compared their effect on the VDR target gene induction in the intestine of mice. While the oral administration of 1,25(OH)2D3 induced the Cyp24a1 expression effectively in the duodenum and jejunum, the LCA increased target gene expression in the ileum as effectively as 1,25(OH)2D3. 1,25(OH)2D3, but not LCA, increased the expression of the calcium transporter gene Trpv6 in the upper intestine, and increased the plasma calcium levels. Although LCA could induce an ileal Cyp24a1 expression as well as 1,25(OH)2D3, the oral LCA administration was not effective in the VDR target gene induction in the kidney. No effect of LCA on the ileal Cyp24a1 expression was observed in the VDR-null mice. Thus, the results indicate that LCA is a selective VDR ligand acting in the lower intestine, particularly the ileum. LCA may be a signaling molecule, which links intestinal bacteria and host VDR function.

show abstract

“…Vitamin D/VDR signaling is critical in intestinal barrier function, innate and adaptive immunity, and homeostasis [11, 12]. A recent study has reported that a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) rs731236 in the Vdr gene is associated with decreased levels of VDR protein in patients with Crohn’s Disease[13].…”

Section: Vitamin D Receptor In Gut–liver Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary vitamin D, vitamin D receptor, and microbiome

Sun

2018

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of review This review is to summarize the recent progress of vitamin D/VDR and microbiome in intestinal homeostasis, airway function, and other organs. Recent findings Microbiome is considered as a newly discovered human organ. It is critical in the synthesis of vitamins and harvest of otherwise inaccessible nutrients, metabolism of xenobiotics, body fat storage, renewal of gut epithelial cells, and mature of immune system. Vitamin D and its receptor vitamin D receptor (VDR) are known to regulate microbiome in health and disease. We will focus on the recent findings published in 12–18 months and discuss the vitamin D supplement and its effects on microbiome, intestinal homeostasis, airway function, and metabolism. We will emphasize the tissue specificity and genetic factor of VDR and microbiome. Summary The findings in dietary Vitamin D, VDR, and microbiome with personalized genetic information will be implicated for optimal prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.

show abstract

Ancient Nuclear Receptor VDR With New Functions: Microbiome and Inflammation

Cited by 108 publications

References 69 publications

The Role of Diet, Micronutrients and the Gut Microbiota in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: New Perspectives from the Gut–Retina Axis

The Role of Diet, Micronutrients and the Gut Microbiota in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: New Perspectives from the Gut–Retina Axis

Lithocholic Acid Is a Vitamin D Receptor Ligand That Acts Preferentially in the Ileum

Dietary vitamin D, vitamin D receptor, and microbiome

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About