Ancillary Services Provided by Hybrid Residential Renewable Energy Systems through Thermal and Electrochemical Storage Systems

Abstract

Energy Management System (EMS) optimal strategies have shown great potential to match the fluctuating energy production from renewables with an electric demand profile, which opens the way to a deeper penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) into the electric system. At a single building level, however, handling of different energy sources to fulfill both thermal and electric requirements is still a challenging task. The present work describes the potential of an EMS based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) strategies to both maximize the RES exploitation and serve as an ancillary service for the grid when a Heat Pump (HP) coupled with a Thermal Energy Storage (TES) is used in a residential Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES). Cost savings up to 30% as well as a reduction of the purchased energy unbalance with the grid (about 15%–20% depending on the season) have been achieved. Moreover, the thermal energy storage leads to a more efficient and reliable use of the Heat Pump by generally decreasing the load factor smoothing the power output. The proposed control strategy allows to have a more stable room temperature, with evident benefits also in terms of thermal comfort.

Design of a multi-energy system under different hydrogen deployment scenarios

“…The maximum electrical power of the heat pump is 150 kW while the associated operating cost is 0.2 €/kWh [16]:…”

Thermal Energy Storage for Grid Applications: Current Status and Emerging Trends

“…Energy cost optimisation with integrated electricity, heat, and gas networks and different types of storage (also including ramp constraints) have been formulated and solved in [39]. The provision of ancillary services by heat pumps coupled with TES in a hybrid RES system has been addressed in [87].…”

Energy Storage on a Distribution Network for Self-Consumption of Wind Energy and Market Value

“…Using a price quote given at a time for an analysis invalidates any result from the analysis in a new economic setting. Taking into cognizance the high likelihood of changes in the prices of some of the storage technologies and with a broad study of the inconsistencies in price quotes from literature and industry-for example, consider the different prices specified for the same storage technology plus notes on cost inconsistencies in [14,19,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]-the most likely cost range for each of the storage technologies is heuristically selected for analysis.…”

“…The integrated distributed energy system was deployed to deal with the variability in loads and renewable supply. In [14], an energy management system that maximizes renewable energy utilization while providing certain ancillary services using a heat pump and a thermal energy storage system has been reported to help achieve cost saving, reduction of purchased energy imbalance from the grid, more reliable use of the heat pump, and a more stable surrounding temperature.…”