Androgen receptor variant 7 (AR-V7) in sequencing therapeutic agents for castratrion resistant prostate cancer

Abstract

Background: androgen receptor variant 7 (AR-V7) has been suggested as potential marker for treatment selection in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The aim of the present review is to critically analyze: frequency of the AR-V7 expression in mCRPC cases—impact of AR-V7 expression on abiraterone, enzalutamide, and taxane therapy. Methods: we searched in the Medline and Cochrane Library database from the literature of the past 10 years. We critically evaluated the level of evidence according to the European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines. Results: 12 clinical trials were selected. The determination of AR-V7 in peripheral blood using circulating tumor cells mRNA seems to be the preferred method. At baseline, the mean percentage of cases with AR-V7 positivity was 18.3% (range 17.8%–28.8%). All data on mCRPC submitted to enzalutamide or abiraterone reported a significantly ( P <.05) lower clinical progression-free survival (CPFS) and overall survival (OS) in AR-V7+ than AR-V7− cases (CPFS hazard ratio [HR]: 2.3; 95% CI 1.1–4.9; OS HR: 3.0; 95% CI 1.4–6.3). In mCRPC cases submitted to chemotherapies data are not homogeneous and some studies showed no association between CPFS or OS and AR-V7 status (OS HR 1.6; 95% CI 0.6–4.4; P = .40). Conclusions: the suggestion is that taxane therapy is more efficacious than abiraterone or enzalutamide for men with AR-V7+ CRPC. On the contrary, clinical outcomes did not seem to differ significantly on the basis of the type of therapy used among AR-V7− cases.

A Novel, Circulating Tumor Cell Enrichment Method Reduces ARv7 False Positivity in Patients with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

“…In the Sciarra review, the mCRPC AR-V7 positive rate was reported at 18.3% (range 17.8-28.8%) [21], and our Celsee AR-V7 positive rate was similar at 22.0%. However, whether the detected AR-V7 is really derived from CTCs cannot be confirmed by the detection rate.…”

Primary Radical Prostatectomy or Ablative Radiotherapy as Protective Factors for Patients With mCRPC Treated With Radium-223 Dichloride: An Italian Multicenter Study

“…The purpose of medical treatment for mCRPC is to slow down the disease progression. In this regard, traditional therapeutic approaches have consisted of hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, bisphosphonates, and best supportive care [17][18][19] . The large number of studies accomplished to evaluate the oncological outcomes among PCa patients treated with RP or EBRT have brought conflicting results [20][21][22] .…”

Comparison of Oncologic Outcomes between Two Alternative Sequences with Abiraterone Acetate and Enzalutamide in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Taxane therapy is more efficacious than ARAT agents in AR-V7-positive patients. However, the clinical outcomes did not seem to differ significantly on the basis of the type of therapy used in AR-V7-negative patients [43]. In addition, several studies suggested that docetaxel chemotherapy may produce resistance to AR [14,15].…”