Androgenic alopecia updates

Abstract

Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is the predominant kind of hair loss in males, and there has been a rise in the number of documented cases in females as well. This condition is marked by the gradual reduction and noticeable absence of hair at the front of the head. AGA occurs due to a genetic predisposition and an increased sensitivity of hair follicles to androgens. This condition mostly affects men and results in the gradual transformation of thick scalp hair into fine vellus hair. While it is widespread, this condition is not lethal but may have a significant psychological and social effect, particularly on women and younger men. Considerable progress has been achieved in comprehending the epidemiology and pathophysiology of AGA. However, the FDA has only authorized two medications, namely finasteride and minoxidil. Extended use of these medications is a necessary condition for an improved therapy response. Nevertheless, this results in inadequate compliance with treatment and the occurrence of negative consequences due to prolonged use, such as the persistent "post finasteride syndrome" even after discontinuing the medicine. AGA may be treated by many methods, including the administration of medications such as Finasteride, Dutasteride, and Minoxidil, as well as surgical hair transplant and laser therapy. The current therapies for AGA seem to be constrained by many reasons, resulting in significant adverse responses.