Andrographolide, a New Hope in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract

Recently, the use of plant-derived medicines is increasing interest in the prevention and treatment of a variety of disorders including metabolic syndromes. Metabolic syndrome is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and incidence of mortality worldwide. Scientific evidence suggests that Andrographis paniculata and its derived components, especially andrographolide (AGL) and its analogs/derivatives have a broad spectrum of biological activities. This review aims to sketch the activity of AGL and its analogs/derivatives against the components of metabolic syndromes such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and obesity. Additionally, AGL activity against CVDs is also summarized. The finding suggests that AGL and its analogs/derivatives have a potential role in the management of metabolic syndrome; however, more studies should be conducted to evaluate their effectiveness.

Evolution of the adaptogenic concept from traditional use to medical systems: Pharmacology of stress‐ and aging‐related diseases

“…A. paniculata and andrographolide exhibit an extremely wide array of pharmacological activities 4,425,488–492 including adaptogenic, 160 antioxidant, chemopreventive, 4 and neuroprotective activities 361,493–496 …”

“…486 In another study, the aqueous extract of A. paniculata was shown to attenuate gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity decreasing blood levels of urea, creatinine, and urea nitrogen levels in rats. 487 A. paniculata and andrographolide exhibit an extremely wide array of pharmacological activities 4,425,[488][489][490][491][492] including adaptogenic, 160 antioxidant, chemopreventive, 4 and neuroprotective activities. 361,[493][494][495][496] The cytoprotective effect of several adaptogenic plant extracts on chemotherapeutics-induced dramatic impact on transcriptome-wide RNA microarray profiles of neuroglia cells culture have been recently studied.…”

Andrographolide Inhibits Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Migration by Down-Regulation of Claudin-1 via the p-38 Signaling Pathway

“…In recent years, active compounds from natural products have gained attention for potential use in interventions against cancer progression and metastasis. Andrographolide, a diterpenoid lactone derived from Andrographis paniculata Nees, a herbal medicine widely used across Southeast Asian countries (Sareer et al, 2014) has been shown to exhibit a broad range of pharmacological properties (Gupta et al, 2017; Islam, 2017; Yang et al, 2017), and many recent studies have revealed its promising anticancer effects (Lim et al, 2012; Mishra et al, 2015). It has been shown to suppress cancer cell proliferation by disrupting proteins related to cell cycle regulation and to inhibit MCF-7 breast cancer cell proliferation by inducing G1 cell cycle arrest through increased p27 and decreased CDK4 (Rajagopal et al, 2003).…”

Andrographolide Inhibits Mechanical and Thermal Hyperalgesia in a Rat Model of HIV-Induced Neuropathic Pain

“…The derivative of Andro decreased histopathological changes, the recruitment of immune-inflammatory cells, and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines to produce anti-inflammatory effects ( Liu et al, 2014 ; Yang et al, 2016 ). It was reported that Andro improved diabetes and ameliorated diabetic-related complications through reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines ( Islam, 2017 ). Andro suppressed LPS-induced microglial MIP-1α, P2X7 receptor, and its downstream signaling mediators including inflammasome NLRP3, caspase1, and mature IL-1β ( Das et al, 2017 ).…”