Angiogenesis Factors Associated with New Breast Cancer Cell Line AMJ13 Cultured <i>in Vitro</i>

Abstract

Background: AMJ13 is a new breast cancer cell line that has been established from a 70-year-old Iraqi woman with a histological diagnosis of infiltrating ductal carcinoma. It is the first for an Iraqi population. In breast cancer, angiogenesis provides the tumor tissue, which is rapidly proliferated with oxygen and nutrients, removes wastes and increases the opportunity of cancer cells to invade other organs. Methods: The AMJ13 breast cancer cell line was represented at three different passages and incubated for interval times. Microarray panel of 43 different angiogenesis markers was used to scan the supernatant for the factors. ELISA was used to quantify some of the important angiogenesis factors released in the culture medium and to confirm absence of those who was not detected by the antibody array. RT-PCR was used to confirm the gene expression (mRNA) of studied factors. Results: Microarray analysis showed that TIMP1 and two secreted at highest levels compared to the rest of the factors with low presence of endostatin. Other non-detectable factors by microarray examined by ELISA assay that showed highest expression level of VEGF-A were obtained at earliest passage, while the highest levels of FGF-b were obtained at late passage. The VEGF-D secretion was shown low concentrations at all studied passages. There is no detectable level of EGF protein in different passages and times interval tested. There are no significant differences in secretion of sICAM between different passages and incubation periods. Conclusion is that AMJ13 cell line depends on VEGF-A as main angiogenesis factor to induce micro-vessels supported by low levels of VEGF-D for lymphatic vessels formation. AMJ13 cell line depends on FGF as growth factorsas in late passages it was shifted to depend mainly on FGF completely. All of this process may be regulated by TGF-β. TIMP-1 has proangiogentic effect and has feedback talk with TIMP-2. Understanding the angiogenesis process for breast cancer can give us better targets for therapy and * Corresponding author. A. M. Al-Shammari et al. 101 more effective treatments.

Papaverine Enhances the Oncolytic Effects of Newcastle Disease Virus on Breast Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo

“…Te AMJ13 cell line, derived from Iraqi patient with breast cancer cells, exhibits a lack of estrogen and progesterone receptors [24]. Tis cell line has been widely utilized in our laboratory as well as by other researchers [25][26][27][28]. Human breast cancer cell line estrogen, progesterone receptors positive (MCF-7), were provided by the Experimental Terapy Department, ICCMGR, Baghdad, Iraq.…”

“…Cytotoxicity was determined by the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Te cells were exposed to a range of diluted concentrations of papaverine (10,25,50,100,150, and 200 μm) (Santacruz Biotechnology, USA) and NDV over a range of diluted multiplicities of infection (0.1, 1, 3, 5, 10, and 20 MOI) for the determination of IC50 for both papaverine and NDV. After 72 h, the media was discarded, and each well received 50 μl of MTT dye solution (2 mg/ml) (Bio-World, USA) was incubated for three hours and solubilized with 100 μl of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA).…”