Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphisms and recurrent pregnancy loss: a meta-analysis

Abstract

Background Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) had said to be related to the angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphisms (ACE I/D) gene polymorphisms. But the conclusions were controversial. This meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the real association in ACE I/D polymorphisms and RPL firstly. Methods Combine Pubmed Embase and HuGENet database in data analysis for this meta-analysis from October 2000 to November 2011. The metagen system was used to select the models and effects. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the strength of this association. Results 9 studies from six countries with 1264 RPL and 845 controls were included according to our criterion. Following the metagen system, we used the dominant model with random effects. The summary OR 01.61 (95% CI: 1.10-2.36, I 2 0 59.0%), which suggested the ACE D allele might increase the RPL risk in Asia (OR01.97, 95% CI: 1.31-2.98, I 2 0 44.4%), among Asians (OR01.69, 95% CI: 1.06-2.36, I 2 032.7%). In additional, after conducting sensitivity analysis, the results had no differences except for Caucasian subgroup reached to the significance (OR02.059, 95% CI: 1.455-2.914), so we couldn't ignore the relationship between the polymorphisms of ACE D/I gene and Caucasians yet. There seemed no publication bias in our eligible studies with Begg's test (P 0 0.867). Conclusions Results in this meta-analysis presented the positive function of the ACE I/D polymorphism in increasing the RPL risk. Furfure prospective studies were needed to confirm the precise relationship between the ACE I/D and RPL.

Genetic Considerations in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

“…Major groups of single gene defects that have been associated with pregnancy loss encompass musculoskeletal gene mutations including trinucleotide repeat disorders, genes involved in regulation of the immune system and implantation, thrombophilic gene mutations, and mutations in specific enzymes, including angiotensin-converting enzyme, ubiquitin-specific protease, and human alkaline phosphatase (Yang et al 2012a;Asadpor et al 2013;Wang et al 2013;Vatin et al 2014).…”

Genetic association between FXIII and β-fibrinogen genes and women with recurrent spontaneous abortion: a meta- analysis

“…There is a strong belief that RSA patients with unknown etiology have a multifactorial condition and that genetic and environmental elements play a key role. Several meta-analyses have been published focusing on thrombophilic gene mutations and their association with RSA such as apolipoprotein E and the angiotensin converting enzyme gene [33,34]. However, there is no meta-analysis of the prevalence of FXIII Val34Leu or β-fibrinogen -455G/A polymorphisms in patients with a history of RSA.…”

Toward optimal set of single nucleotide polymorphism investigation before IVF

“…This multifunctional protein plays a key role in processes such as regulation of blood pressure, maintain a balance of electrolytes, platelet activation and aggregation, fibrinolysis. ACE protein functionality and features of its expression, associated with the presence of Alu-sequences in the intron, are devoted to a great number of publications [55,56,[60][61][62]. Virtually all studies agree that the presence of variant D (Del), lack of Alu-sequences in the intron of the ACE gene, is associated with atherosclerotic, cardiovascular disorders and the risk of pregnancy violation [29,61,62].…”

“…ACE protein functionality and features of its expression, associated with the presence of Alu-sequences in the intron, are devoted to a great number of publications [55,56,[60][61][62]. Virtually all studies agree that the presence of variant D (Del), lack of Alu-sequences in the intron of the ACE gene, is associated with atherosclerotic, cardiovascular disorders and the risk of pregnancy violation [29,61,62]. At the molecular level, Alu insertion reduces the gene expression level that is displayed as s decrease in the level of ACE protein in the blood and more precise regulation of blood pressure without pronounced spikes as a consequence.…”