Antecedent factors in different types of workplace violence against nurses: A systematic review

Nowrouzi‐Kia, Behdin; Isidro, Rachelle; Chai, Emily; Usuba, Koyo; Chen, Amy

doi:10.1016/j.avb.2018.11.002

Cited by 54 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Gascon et al found that health workers in a large hospital experience more physical violence than those in a small hospital and primary health center [52]. The risk factors of workplace physical violence such as overcrowding, noisy, long waiting time, and short consultation time occurred more frequently in tertiary hospitals [13,53,74,90]. Additionally, medical conditions of patients were generally severer in tertiary hospitals than those in primary care facilities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients with a severe condition and high demand were prone to seek help directly in a tertiary hospital located in urban areas [92]. Thus, health care professionals were faced with more stressful working environment in urban areas, which increased the risk of workplace violence [13]. Research of violence also suggested that urban-rural disparity may be explained by social factors such as inequality and poor social cohesion [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Health care professionals accounted for 1.2% of workplace homicide victims of the United States [3], and about 4.9-65% of health care professionals were physically injured in their workplace during an incident of workplace physical violence [5]. Work stress, patient expectations, and deteriorative patient-staff relationships were associated with workplace physical violence against health care professionals [13]. Before developing policies and interventions, it is important to understand the prevalence and severity of workplace physical violence against health care professionals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Workplace Physical Violence against Health Care Professionals by Patients and Visitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Qiu

et al. 2020

IJERPH

116

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Workplace physical violence against health care professionals perpetrated by patients and visitors has been a persistent problem worldwide. Prevalence estimates varied vastly across studies and there was a lack of quantitative syntheses of prevalence studies. This review aimed to quantify pooled one-year prevalence estimates at the global and regional levels. A systematic literature search was performed in the databases of PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Embase between 1 January 2000 and 8 October 2018. Studies providing information about one-year prevalence of self-reported workplace physical violence against health care professionals perpetrated by patients or visitors were included. Heterogeneity between studies was evaluated using Cochran’s chi-squared test (Cochran’s Q) and I2 values. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were used to explore heterogeneity. A total of 65 eligible studies reported one-year prevalence estimates for 61,800 health care professionals from 30 countries. The pooled one-year prevalence of workplace physical violence against health care professionals perpetrated by patients or visitors was 19.33% (95% confidence interval (CI): 16.49–22.53%) and the overall heterogeneity was high across studies. We noted geographic and staff categories variations for prevalence estimates through subgroup analysis. The meta-regression showed that sample size, type of health care setting, and quality score were significant moderators for heterogeneity. One in five health care professionals experienced workplace physical violence perpetrated by patients or visitors worldwide annually. Practical intervention was needed to ensure safety of health care professionals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Workplace Physical Violence against Health Care Professionals by Patients and Visitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Qiu

et al. 2020

IJERPH

116

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“…As shown in the existing literature, critical stakeholders at organizational and state levels, including but not limited to legal administration and enforcement agencies, must be involved in preventing and addressing violence towards health care workers [43]. The legal system should develop appropriate penalties for individuals who have violent behaviors towards healthcare workers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Violence against healthcare workers and other serious responses to medical disputes in China: surveys of patients at 12 public hospitals

Wang

Washburn

et al. 2020

BMC Health Serv Res

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Background: Workplace violence against healthcare workers is a global issue that is on the rise, with Chinese healthcare workers facing growing challenges with hospital violence. Attacks on medical staff have increased in recent years with no clear resolution. Prior research focused on policies to improve the doctor-patient relationship and better protect clinicians, but few studies addressed the patient perspective. This paper examines patients' choices when facing a medical dispute and identifies groups who are more likely to respond to conflict with violence or other serious actions.Methods: Patient survey responses were collected in 12 leading public hospitals in five Chinese provinces with 5556 participants. The survey asked sociodemographic information, patients' attitudes (e.g., general optimism, trust in their physicians, perceived healthcare quality), and their primary response to a medical dispute. From least to most severe, the options range from "complaining within the family" to "violence." We used t-tests and Chi-square tests to explore the relationships between reactions and patient characteristics. We also performed multivariable logistic regressions to determine the impact of sociodemographics and provider trust on the seriousness of responses. Results: The primary response of a third of respondents was complaining to hospital or health department officials (32.5%). Seeking legal help (26.3%) and direct negotiation with doctors (19.6%) were other frequent responses. More serious responses included 83 stating violence (1.5%), 9.7% expressing a desire to expose the issue to the news media, and 7.4% resorting to seeking third-party assistance. Patients who were more likely to report "violence" were male (OR = 1.81, p < .05), high-income earners (OR = 3.71, p < .05), or reported lower life satisfaction (OR = 1.40, p < .05). Higher trust scores were associated with a lower likelihood of a serious response, including violence (OR = 0.80, p < .01).

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“…Other factors which the nursing staff perceive as potentially at risk of aggression are lack of security, receiving inadequate information about the patient, long waiting times and attending patients under the effects of alcohol or drugs 24–26. Absence of visible security staff, lack of training on how to react to aggression, a heavy workload and shortage of professionals are other variables, which often precede the appearance of violent behaviour in the workplace 27…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-sectional study of aggression against Spanish nursing personnel and effects on somatisation of physical symptoms

et al. 2020

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IntroductionViolence against nursing personnel in their place of work is a severe problem generating important consequences for these workers. Even though there is a large body of research on the subject, the emotional impact of aggression against healthcare workers continues to be debated.ObjectivesThe objective of this quantitative, observational cross-sectional study was to analyse the effects of aggression against nursing personnel and the mediating role of anxiety in somaticising physical symptoms.MethodThe sample was made up of 1357 nursing professionals who answered questionnaires evaluating their sensitivity to anxiety and the presence of somatic symptoms.ResultsOf the professionals who indicated that they had been the victims of aggression by family members or patients in the previous year, 52.8% said it had happened to them on one occasion, 25.2% had experienced two episodes, while 6.9% and 15.1% said they had undergone three or more aggressions, respectively. Although 89.3% of the professionals affected by acts of indicated that they had not undergone physical or psychological consequences, there was a higher prevalence of somatic alteration among workers who had been victims of violence in the workplace. Furthermore, aggression at work had a direct effect on physical somatisation, which in turn acted as a mediator in the level of anxiety of nursing professionals. Thus, aggression increased the level of anxiety of nurses through the appearance of somatic symptoms.ConclusionsThe results are discussed based on some of the consequences that appeared after episodes of aggression in the healthcare sector and their relationship.

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Antecedent factors in different types of workplace violence against nurses: A systematic review

Cited by 54 publications

References 28 publications

Prevalence of Workplace Physical Violence against Health Care Professionals by Patients and Visitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Prevalence of Workplace Physical Violence against Health Care Professionals by Patients and Visitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Violence against healthcare workers and other serious responses to medical disputes in China: surveys of patients at 12 public hospitals

Cross-sectional study of aggression against Spanish nursing personnel and effects on somatisation of physical symptoms

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