Anthocyanin formation as a response to ozone and smog treatment in Rumex crispus L.

Koukol, Jane; Dugger, W. M.

doi:10.1104/pp.42.7.1023

Cited by 31 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Close neighbours of this family, such as the representative of the Dipsacaceae (K. arvensis), could produce the same symptom. The lesions were also present at low O $ concentration in R. obtusifolius, as reported by Bergmann et al (1995Bergmann et al ( , 1996 and in R. crispus (Koukol & Dugger, 1967), but not in R. acetosa (Reiling & Davison, 1992 ;Mortensen, 1993).…”

Section: Leaf Injury Related To Plant Familysupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Common injury symptoms of the Asteraceae are small white-yellow flecks and reddish lesions (Bergmann et al, 1995(Bergmann et al, , 1996, due to the production of anthocyanin (Koukol & Dugger, 1967). Close neighbours of this family, such as the representative of the Dipsacaceae (K. arvensis), could produce the same symptom.…”

Section: Leaf Injury Related To Plant Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leaf injury characteristics of grassland species exposed to ozone in relation to soil moisture condition and vapour pressure deficit

et al. 1999

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A range of plant species typical of semi-natural grasslands were tested for their sensitivity to short-term ozone injury under normal and reduced irrigation, and in relationship to air vapour pressure deficit. Potted specimens of 24 herbs, legumes and grasses were exposed during two seasons to four O$ treatments in open-top chambers. The ozone treatments were : (a) charcoal-filtered air ; (b) charcoal-filtered air plus ozone to match ambient levels ; (c) charcoal-filtered air plus O $ to ambient levels 1n5 and (d ) charcoal-filtered air with ozone added to twice ambient levels during selected episodes of 7-13 d. During these ozone episodes, half of the plants in each ozone treatment received reduced irrigation (dry treatment) while the rest was kept under full irrigation (wet treatment). Type and date of first occurrence of leaf injury were noted during individual growth periods. Plants were harvested three times per year, and the percentage of injured leaves was recorded. Depending on species, injury symptoms were expressed as flecking (O $ -specific injury), leaf yellowing or anthocyanin formation. Carum carvi and most species of the Fabaceae family (Onobrychis sativa, Trifolium repens, Trifolium pratense) were found to be most responsive to O $ , injury occurring after only a few days of exposure in treatment (b). An episodic reduction in irrigation tended to reduce the expression of O $ -specific symptoms, but only in species for which a reduction in soil moisture potential and an associated reduction in stomatal conductance during the dry episodes were observed. In other species, the protection from O $ injury seemed to be of little importance. Using artificial neural networks the injury response of nine species was analysed in relation to Species, stomatal conductance, ozone as AOT40 (accumulated exposure above a threshold of 0n04 ppm for periods with global radiation 50 W m −# (Fuhrer et al., 1997)), mean relative growth rate, air vapour pressure deficit and global radiation. In the model with all factors, Species was most important, and when Species was omitted, stomatal conductance was the most important determinant for leaf injury to occur, whereas mean relative growth rate was less important. With no plant-related factors included, air vapour pressure deficit and AOT40 were of highest importance. Only in eight species was a positive relationship found between these two factors during the five days before the onset of injury, indicating increasing protection from ozone with increasing air vapour pressure deficit in some but not all species. These data show that across a range of grassland species, leaf injury caused by elevated levels of ozone is most likely to occur in species with high stomatal conductance and that protection from ozone during dry periods is species-specific and depends on a reduction in stomatal conductance due to a decrease in soil moisture potential. Protection under increased vapour pressure deficit can occur in some but not all species, depending on the relationship between stom...

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Section: Leaf Injury Related To Plant Familysupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Leaf Injury Related To Plant Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf injury characteristics of grassland species exposed to ozone in relation to soil moisture condition and vapour pressure deficit

et al. 1999

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“…global warming, ultraviolet‐B radiation). An early study investigated the effects of ozone and smog on Rumex plants and showed that leaves exposed to these pollutants partially turned red because they had been stimulated to form anthocyanin, while untreated plants did not form the pigment (Koukal & Dagger, 1967). A later study found that R. obtusifolius grows less when fumigated with increased ozone concentrations compared with plants fumigated with less ozone (Reiling & Davison, 1992).…”

Section: Ecological Interactions and Global Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology and non‐chemical control of Rumex crispus and R. obtusifolius (Polygonaceae): a review

2004

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Summary Rumex crispus and R. obtusifolius are among the most important perennial weeds in agriculture throughout the world. This literature survey revealed that the majority of studies on Rumex ecology, which were conducted under field conditions are of a descriptive nature, while experimental studies mainly report data derived under laboratory or greenhouse conditions. Areas on Rumex ecology which deserve more research include: historical development of Rumex infestations, field studies on seed and root ecology, population ecology, Rumex longevity, and impacts of global climate change on the performance of these species. Although biological, mechanical and cultural control methods were often effective in controlling Rumex populations, they were rarely successful enough to eradicate the weeds. As both species are considered to be indicators of agricultural mismanagement, there is a definite need for well‐replicated, full‐factorial, long‐term field experiments to assess the role of management factors most often stated to be responsible for Rumex infestation and distribution (e.g. high soil N and K levels, slurry and farmyard manure application, sward disturbance, cutting frequency, grazing management, ploughing, soil compaction). It is recommended that future research on non‐chemical Rumex control should focus more on the efficacy of combined applications of biological, mechanical and cultural control methods.

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“…The requirement of this enzyme for both NADPH and 0 2 suggest dual roles for photosynthesis in promoting this aspect of the flavonoid pathway. Koukol and Dugger (1967) studied the effects of ozone on Rumex crispus and found cyanidin glycosides only in plants exposed to ozone or to urban smog with a high ozone concentration. Increasing ozone Ievels up to I 0 p.p.m.…”

Section: Waterand Atmospheric Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology and Functions of Flavonoids

McClure¹

1975

The Flavonoids

223

139

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18.1 I ntroduction 18.2 Physiology of flavonoid accumulation in plants J. B. Harborne et al. (eds.), The Flavonoids © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 1975 Many reports detail the accumulation of 'anthocyanin' without identifying the pigment or mixture of pigments. Increased accumulation is assumed. Decreases attributable to light are designated by (decr), trace amounts by (tr). 2 Abbreviations as follows: Hl = High Intensity responses to either blue (B), green (G), red (R) or far red (FR) light of 1 J cm -2 or moretotal irradiation. Prr = low energy red, far-red reversible photoresponse. UV = ultraviolet light.

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Anthocyanin formation as a response to ozone and smog treatment in Rumex crispus L.

Cited by 31 publications

References 6 publications

Leaf injury characteristics of grassland species exposed to ozone in relation to soil moisture condition and vapour pressure deficit

Leaf injury characteristics of grassland species exposed to ozone in relation to soil moisture condition and vapour pressure deficit

Ecology and non‐chemical control of Rumex crispus and R. obtusifolius (Polygonaceae): a review

Physiology and Functions of Flavonoids

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