Anthropometric-hormonal correlation patterns in fertile and post-menopausal women from Austria

Kirchengast, Sylvia

doi:10.1080/03014469300002492

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…It is unlikely that this finding is related to a lack of statistical power, because large sample sizes were studied (19,36). It has been reported that the waist circumference was higher in postmenopausal than in premenopausal women, reflecting the age-related increase in central fatness (39). However, when the confounding effects of age were statistically controlled, no independent effect of menopause was noted on waist circumference tIn this study, women over 50 years of age were assumed to be postmenopausal.…”

Section: Body Fat Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Menopause Transition on Body Fatness and Body Fat Distribution

1998

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TCHERNOF, ANDRE, ERIC T. POEHLMAN. Effects of the menopause transition on body fatness and body fat distribution. Obes Res. 1998;6:246-254. Objective: The menopause transition increases cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk, partly because of the adverse effects of estrogen deficiency on the plasma lipidlipoprotein profile and cardiovascular function. This increased cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk may also be partially mediated by increased body fat, increased intraabdominal adipose tissue accumulation, or both. The objective of this mini-review is to summarize studies that have investigated the relationships among the menopause transition, body fatness, and body fat distribution. Research Methods and Procedures:A review of crosssectional and longitudinal studies on menopause that examined body fatness and body fat distribution. Results: Cross-sectional reports show that the menopause transition is related to modest increases in body mass index or total fatness, although not all studies found significant effects. Increased central adiposity appears to be related to menopause, independent of advancing age, but these results are methodology dependent. An independent effect of • menopause on central body fatness was noted by the use of techniques such as DEXA or computed tomography, whereas studies using circumference measures showed discrepant results. Longitudinal studies showed that the menopause transition accelerated the increase in central adiposity, although no studies quantified changes in intra-abdominal fat by imaging techniques. Discussion: Thus, additional longitudinal studies using more accurate measures of adiposity are needed to critically examine the effects of the menopause transition on total and central body fatness. Collectively, previous studies suggest 246 OBESITY RESEARCH Vol. 6 NO.3 May 1998 that menopause is related to modest increase in total fatness and accelerated accumulation of central body fat that exceeds changes normally attributed to the aging process. These changes may increase the risk for cardiovascular and metabolic disease in aging women.

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Section: Body Fat Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Menopause Transition on Body Fatness and Body Fat Distribution

1998

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“…Toxoplasma infection was also shown to be associated with higher testosterone levels in males and lower testosterone levels in females . Most studies report a positive correlation between testosterone and estradiol concentrations (Kirchengast, 1993;Handa et al, 1997;Ankarberg and Norjavaara, 1999;Troisi et al, 2003). Thus, the females with low testosterone are expected also to have low levels of estradiol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief Communication: Latent toxoplasmosis and salivary testosterone concentration—Important confounding factors in second to fourth digit ratio studies

Flegr

Lindová

Pivoňková

et al. 2008

American J Phys Anthropol

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A sexually dimorphic characteristic, the second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D ratio), has been shown to reflect the prenatal concentration of sex steroid hormones and to correlate with many personality, physiological, and life history traits. The correlations are usually stronger for the right than the left hand. Most studies have shown that the 2D:4D ratio does not vary with age or postnatal concentration of sex steroid hormones. Recently, a strong association between left hand 2D:4D ratio and infection with a common human parasite Toxoplasma has been reported. We hypothesized that the confounding effect of Toxoplasma infection on left hand 2D:4D ratio could be responsible for the stronger association between different traits and right hand rather than left hand 2D:4D ratio. This confounding effect of toxoplasmosis could also be responsible for the difficulty in finding an association between 2D:4D ratio and age or postnatal steroid hormone concentration. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the association between sex and age and 2D:4D ratio in a population of 194 female and 106 male students with and without controlling for the confounding variables of Toxoplasma infection and testosterone concentration. Our results showed that the relationship between age and sex and 2D:4D ratio increased sharply when Toxoplasma infection and testosterone concentration were controlled. These results suggest that left hand 2D:4D ratio is more susceptible to postnatal influences and that the confounding factors of Toxoplasma infection, testosterone concentration and possibly also age, should be controlled in future 2D:4D ratio studies. Because of a stronger 2D:4D dimorphism in Toxoplasma-infected than Toxoplasma-free subjects, we predict that 2D:4D ratio dimorphism as well as right hand/left hand 2D:4D ratio dimorphism will be higher in countries with a high prevalence of Toxoplasma infection than in those with a low prevalence.

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“…The visceral type of obesity is associated with impaired insulin [4] and androgens [5] secretion and responsiveness. A relation was found between body dimensions and thyroid [6] and sex hormone levels [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Anthropometric correlates of morning plasma cortisol level and hormonal and biochemical response to fasting in obese premenopausal women

Melnikov¹,

Kim²

2017

Integr Obesity Diabetes

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Numerous studies have established associations between hormonal parameters and body shape but they focused on the patterns of body fat distribution and, mainly, abdominal fat deposition. Based on the anthropometric features of patients with Cushing's syndrome, we hypothesized that there are somatometric predictors, other than waist-to-hip ratio, of increased cortisol production. To test this hypothesis and to identify the indicators of endocrine and metabolic responsiveness to shortterm fasting, we searched associations among 37 anthropometric traits and metabolic and hormonal parameters. An observational repeated measures study was performed on 64 moderately obese women using the partial correlation analysis. Blood glucose, serum lipids and urea concentrations, morning plasma cortisol, serum triiodthyronine (T3), thyroxin levels, and insulin activity (IRI) were examined before and after 4-and 7-day total fasting. The morning plasma cortisol level (RIA) showed the strongest correlation, independent of total fatness, with chest-hip circumference ratio (CHR) (r=0.48, p<0.005), whereas no significant association could be found with waist-hip ratio (WHR). IRI level correlated directly with WHR (r=0.47, p<0.001). The 4-day fasting significantly raised cortisol levels (+23%), free fatty acids (FFAs) (+79%), and triglyceride (TGs) (+34%) concentrations, and lowered IRI (-43%), T3 (-33%) and glucose (-27%) levels. The cortisol response to 4-day fasting tended to relate with age (r=0.25) and age-independently correlated with body height (r=-0.30) and WHR (r=-0.27). Both basal levels and fast changes in glucose and TGs concentrations correlated with age (glucose, r=0.38; TGs, r=0.24; d-glucose, r=-0.32; d-TG, r=-0.24). The relative weight loss after the 27-day weight-loss program increased with increasing basal FFAs and thyroxin levels. In conclusion, CHR was found to be a powerful predictor for morning plasma cortisol level. The relation established seems to reflect the differential sensitivity of the upper and lower body subcutaneous adipocytes to the metabolic stimuli of the hormone and/or other factors associated with glucocorticoids.level. In addition to this primary objective, there were two aims: (1) to describe anthropometric correlates for the response of endocrine variables and the patterns of protein, glucose, and lipid metabolism to short-term fasting, and (2) to verify hormonal, metabolic and somatometric predictors for the weight reduction during weight-loss program (WLP). Taking into account the sex-dependence of cortisol metabolism in obesity [18] we performed this research on obese women who were usually being investigated from the standpoint under study. Subjects and methods SubjectsThe study was undertaken on 64 Russian fertile women living in Novosibirsk city and referred to the endocrine division of the academic clinic for treatment of obesity by a WLP. The patients' free and informed consent to participate in the study was obtained. No women had signs of hirsutism, other endocrine disorders, ...

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Anthropometric-hormonal correlation patterns in fertile and post-menopausal women from Austria

Cited by 20 publications

References 44 publications

Effects of the Menopause Transition on Body Fatness and Body Fat Distribution

Effects of the Menopause Transition on Body Fatness and Body Fat Distribution

Brief Communication: Latent toxoplasmosis and salivary testosterone concentration—Important confounding factors in second to fourth digit ratio studies

Anthropometric correlates of morning plasma cortisol level and hormonal and biochemical response to fasting in obese premenopausal women

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