Anthropometry and Current Aesthetic Concept of the Lower Third of the Face and Lips in Caucasian Adult Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Winiarska, Natalia; Stachura, Albert; Roszkowski, Bartłomiej; Pietruski, Piotr; Włodarski, Paweł; Paskal, Wiktor

doi:10.1007/s00266-024-03930-5

Aesth Plast Surg

2024

DOI: 10.1007/s00266-024-03930-5

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Anthropometry and Current Aesthetic Concept of the Lower Third of the Face and Lips in Caucasian Adult Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Natalia Winiarska,

Albert Stachura,

Bartłomiej Roszkowski

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 4 publications

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The Concept of Ideal Lips of Caucasian Female: An Anthropometric Analysis of the Lower Third of the Face

Winiarska,

Roszkowski,

Paskal

et al. 2024

Aesth Plast Surg

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Background The demand for lip-redefining procedures has been rising in recent years, thus creating the need for reliable and detailed reference sources on aesthetic female lips. This study investigates the morphology of the lower third of the face, including the lips and jawline, of attractive young Caucasian females. Methods A semi-automatic photogrammetric analysis of the faces of professional female photograph models (n=400) of the Caucasian race aged 18–39 was performed. Angular, linear, and surface area parameters were evaluated. A graphical summarization of the average facial shape of all analyzed attractive females was generated as an average body contours (ABC) image. Results The height of the lower third of the face equaled 0.32 ± 0.02 of the total facial height. The average lip width was 48.06 ± 3.34 mm. The upper vermilion height was found to be significantly lower than the lower vermilion height (6.47 ± 1.36 vs. 11.64 ± 1.46 mm, p < 0.01). The lip obliquity angle was found to be 1.05° ± 0.79°. The area surface of the upper lip vermilion was considerably smaller than the vermilion of the lower lip (p < 0.01). Conclusions This is one of the largest studies on attractive Caucasian females’ lips and lower face morphology. The data it provides, including the graphical presentation of the aesthetic lower face as an ABC image, may provide physicians with valuable guidelines for lips rejuvenation and reconstruction procedures. Level of Evidence III This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

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The Concept of Ideal Lips of Caucasian Female: An Anthropometric Analysis of the Lower Third of the Face

Winiarska,

Roszkowski,

Paskal

et al. 2024

Aesth Plast Surg

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Comparative 3D Analysis of Lip Rejuvenation: Investigating Effects Before and After Soft-Tissue Filler Compared with Controls

Cardoso,

do Valle,

Neppelenbroek

et al. 2024

Aesth Plast Surg

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Quantifying upper lip height difference between two young male and female populations by direct surface measurement: Implications for gender-affirming upper lip shortening surgery

Sleilati,

Daou,

Nassar

2024

JPRAS Open

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Anthropometry and Current Aesthetic Concept of the Lower Third of the Face and Lips in Caucasian Adult Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 4 publications

References 91 publications

The Concept of Ideal Lips of Caucasian Female: An Anthropometric Analysis of the Lower Third of the Face

The Concept of Ideal Lips of Caucasian Female: An Anthropometric Analysis of the Lower Third of the Face

Comparative 3D Analysis of Lip Rejuvenation: Investigating Effects Before and After Soft-Tissue Filler Compared with Controls

Quantifying upper lip height difference between two young male and female populations by direct surface measurement: Implications for gender-affirming upper lip shortening surgery

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