Anti-Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Activity of Crude Ethyl Acetate Extract of Clinacanthus nutans

Thongchai, Sasithorn; Ekalaksananan, Tipaya; Pientong, Chamsai; Aromdee, Chantana; Kongyingyoes, Bunkerd; Seubsasana, Supawadee

doi:10.5481/kkujgs.2008.08.2.7

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau is a medicinal plant native to Southeast Asia with reported bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory [ 13 ], antioxidant [ 14 – 18 ], antidiabetic [ 18 ], antimicrobial [ 16 ] and antiviral against herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 [ 19 – 21 ] and 2 [ 21 , 22 ], varicella-zoster virus (VZV) [ 23 ], human papillomavirus (HPV) [ 24 ] and dengue virus [ 25 ]. Moreover, C. nutans leaves also possess antiproliferative effects on human erythroleukemia (K-562), Burkitt’s lymphoma (Raji) and cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of cytotoxicity between extracts of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau leaves from different locations and the induction of apoptosis by the crude methanol leaf extract in D24 human melanoma cells

Fong

Piva

Dekiwadia

et al. 2016

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundClinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau leaves are widely used by cancer patients and the leaf extracts possess cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects on several human cancer cell lines. However, the effect of C. nutans leaf extract on human melanoma, which is the least common but most fatal form of skin cancer and one of the most common cancers diagnosed in both sexes worldwide, is unknown. There is also limited information on whether the bioactivity of extracts differs between C. nutans leaves grown in different geographical locations with varying environmental conditions.MethodsThe present study, for the first time, compared and demonstrated the cytotoxicity of the crude methanol extracts of C. nutans leaves from 11 different locations in Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam, with diverse environmental conditions against D24 melanoma cells through WST-8 assay. The percentage of apoptotic cells following treatment with the most active extract was determined in a dose- and time-dependent manner by a cytofluorometric double staining technique. Biochemical and morphological changes in the treated and untreated cells were examined by fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy techniques, respectively, to further affirm the induction of apoptosis.ResultsThe leaves of plants grown at higher elevations and lower air temperatures were more cytotoxic to the D24 melanoma cells than those grown at lower elevations and higher air temperatures, with the leaf extract from Chiang Dao, Chiang Mai, Thailand exhibited the highest cytotoxicity (24 h EC50: 0.95 mg/mL and 72 h EC50: 0.77 mg/mL). This most active crude extract induced apoptotic cell death in the D24 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Typical biochemical and morphological characteristics of apoptosis were also observed in the treated D24 cells.ConclusionsThe results, showing the cytotoxicity of C. nutans and the induction of apoptosis in D24 cells, are significant and useful to facilitate the development of C. nutans as a potential novel chemotherapeutic agent for the management of skin melanoma.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1348-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of cytotoxicity between extracts of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau leaves from different locations and the induction of apoptosis by the crude methanol leaf extract in D24 human melanoma cells

Fong

Piva

Dekiwadia

et al. 2016

BMC Complement Altern Med

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“…However, in order to inhibit HSV-2-Baylor 186 strain, methanol extract of C. nutans exhibited higher inhibitory effect (IC 50 : 65.13 μg/mL) as compared to hexane extract (IC 50 : 72.62 μg/ mL). Among the results obtained, ethyl acetate extract of C. nutans displayed the best anti-HSV inhibition with the lowest IC 50 value recorded (7.6 μg/mL) (Thongchai et al 2008). Based on clinical trials, topical application of 5% cream of C. nutans extract resulted in crusting of lesions in 98.6% of patients within three days of application.…”

Section: Anti-viral Activitymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The anti-viral properties, C. nutans extracts have been tested on several types of viruses including varicella zoster virus (VZR), herpes simplex virus (HSV), fish pathogenic virus, crustaceans (shrimp and prawn) infectious virus and mosquito borne virus. The mode of action of anti-viral properties of C. nutans was examined through three different stages of treatment which included pre-infection, post-infection and direct inactivation pathways (Thongchai et al 2008).…”

Section: Anti-viral Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For herpes simplex virus (HSV), the potential of C. nutans extracts to act as anti-HSV were tested using various extraction solvents including ethyl acetate, chloroform, methanol, dichloromethane and hexane (Kunsorn et al 2013;Thongchai et al 2008;Yoosook et al 1999). Kunsorn et al (2013) reported that C. nutans, extracted with hexane, exhibited higher inhibitory effect (IC 50 : 32.05 μg/mL) on HSV-1-KOS strain compared to C. nutans extracted with methanol (IC 50 : 64.93 μg/mL).…”

Section: Anti-viral Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Therapeutic Potentials of Clinacanthus nutansas Source for Alternative Medicines

Haida¹,

Hakiman²

2019

JSM

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Clinacanthus nutans, also known as Sabah Snake Grass, is an ethno-medicinal plant species belonging to the family Acanthaceae and has been widely used as a traditional remedy in Malaysia and Thailand to treat various diseases. The species contains massive amount of phytochemical compounds useful to human health. Various studies have reported that among the compounds found in the species are those with anti-venom properties reported to be rarely present in other medicinal plants. A number of pharmacological research studies have also documented that extracts of C. nutans contain high antioxidants, as well as compounds with anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-viral properties. Isolation and identification of these phytochemical compounds have gained global attention due to their well-known beneficial values. The present review article is a compilation of previous pharmacological studies on C. nutans with a view of gaining further interest in exploring alternative sources of medicine. ABSTRAK Clinacanthus nutans atau dikenali sebagai Belalai gajah, ialah tumbuhan ubatan daripada famili Acanthaceae. C. nutans digunakan secara meluas di Malaysia dan Thailand dalam perubatan tradisi untuk merawat pelbagai jenis penyakit. C. nutans mempunyai kandungan fitokimia yang tinggi. Justeru, dapat memberi manfaat kepada manusia. Antara semua potensi terapeutik yang terdapat dalam C. nutans, anti bisa merupakan kelebihan pokok ini. Anti-bisa merupakan potensi terapeutik yang jarang ada dalam tumbuhan ubatan. Selain itu, berdasarkan kajian farmakologi yang telah dijalankan, ekstrak C. nutans juga tinggi antioksida dan mempunyai anti kanser, anti keradangan dan antivirus. Pengasingan dan mengenal pasti kandungan fitokimia dalam C. nutans telah menjadi perhatian di seluruh dunia kerana kebaikannya kepada kesihatan. Tujuan ulasan kertas ini adalah untuk mengumpulkan kajian farmakologi yang telah dijalankan terhadap pokok C. nutans.

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“…The fresh leaves of C. nutans have also been used traditionally to relieve insect bites and skin rashes [2,[4][5][6] . In 2006, it was regarded as a principal medicinal plant for primary health care by the Thai Ministry of Public Health [2,7] to treat insect bites, snake bites, skin rashes, Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) and Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) lesions [2,[8][9] . Besides having anti-viral activity [2,4,10] , C. nutans also potentially possesses anti-oxidant [2,[11][12][13] , anti-cancer [2,[14][15] , anti-inflammatory and analgesic [2,[16][17] , and anti-diabetic [2,18] properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinacanthus nutans Aqueous Extract But Not Ethanolic Extract Inhibits the Release of Preformed Mediators in In Vitro Model of IgE-Mediated Mast Cell Degranulation

et al. 2017

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C. nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau is a shrub that is commonly found in South East Asia, particularly in Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia. This plant has diverse and potential medicinal uses in traditional herbal medicine for treating many diseases which include skin rashes. Skin rash is one of the symptoms that primarily occur in people with allergies. Till date, there has been no scientific evidence to support this traditional use of C. nutans as well as its potential of possessing anti-allergic properties. IgE and mast cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergy. Upon cross-linking of allergen to IgE antibodies bound to FcεRI on mast cells, pro-inflammatory mediators will be released as a result of degranulation. The release of pro-inflammatory mediators by mast cells activated by allergen in the skin causes large, itchy, red swellings of the skin. This study aimed to identify the most active C. nutans extract in inhibiting in vitro IgE-mast cell degranulation. Rat basophilic leukaemic cells (RBL-2H3) were pre-sensitised with IgE, pre-treated with C. nutans ethanolic (100%, 70% and 50%) or aqueous extracts and challenged with dinitrophenyl-bovine serum albumin (DNP-BSA) accordingly to analyse the release of β-hexosaminidase, histamine, interleukin (IL)-4 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α. It was found that C. nutans aqueous extract was the most active extract compared to the ethanolic extracts as it was able to inhibit the release of β-hexosaminidase and histamine at concentrations of 5 mg/ml and above.

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Anti-Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Activity of Crude Ethyl Acetate Extract of Clinacanthus nutans

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Comparison of cytotoxicity between extracts of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau leaves from different locations and the induction of apoptosis by the crude methanol leaf extract in D24 human melanoma cells

Comparison of cytotoxicity between extracts of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau leaves from different locations and the induction of apoptosis by the crude methanol leaf extract in D24 human melanoma cells

A Review of Therapeutic Potentials of Clinacanthus nutansas Source for Alternative Medicines

Clinacanthus nutans Aqueous Extract But Not Ethanolic Extract Inhibits the Release of Preformed Mediators in In Vitro Model of IgE-Mediated Mast Cell Degranulation

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