“…Natural photosensitizers with low toxicity and side effects are the hotspot of PACT research. Curcumin is a natural polyphenol found in plant rhizomes, which possesses a wide range of biological activities such as antioxidant ( Hou et al, 2022 ), anti-inflammatory ( Pontes-Quero et al, 2021 ), antitumor ( Chen et al, 2021 ), antibacterial ( Barros et al, 2021 ), antiviral ( Dourado et al, 2021 ), and photosensitizing activities ( Li et al, 2020 ). As a natural photosensitizer, curcumin can be activated by light at 400–500 nm to generate singlet oxygen to exert antibacterial effects ( Hu et al, 2018 ).…”