Antibacterial Activity And Genotoxicity Effect of Ethanolic Leaves Extract of Rosmarinus Officinalis

Abstract

The recent increasing use of artificial antibiotics has prompted an expansion in resistant strains and high site reactions. Medicinal plants have for quite some time been utilized as traditional medicine to treat pathogenic bacteria. In such manner, consistently numerous scientists are sending a range of plant’s secondary compounds to the customer advertise for the treatment of human illnesses. Accordingly, the distinguishing proof of plant spices with antimicrobial impacts can assist with delivering new medications with a wide range of impacts. The aim of the present research was to examine the ability of ethanolic leaves extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis plant as antibacterial agent against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli. The zone of inhibition increased with increase in concentration of the test solution. Higher activity of ethanolic extract was found against S. aureus (2.4 cm) than E. coli (1.8 cm). In addition, the repetitive element PCR (Rep-PCR) significantly showed that several genetic numbers of polymorphic bands were observed in S. aureus and E. coli treated bacteria with leaves extracts and not observed in the control. These results indicate that these extracts have a genotoxicity effect on the two bacterial genomes. The obtained results demonstrate that R. officinalis can be used as a potential source of antibacterial and genotoxicity factors.

Antimicrobial Properties of Bacterial Cellulose Films Enriched with Bioactive Herbal Extracts Obtained by Microwave-Assisted Extraction

“…However efficient, methanol poses toxicity concerns, and whenever possible, it should be replaced. Thus, it was shown that aqueous ethanolic solutions used as extraction solvent facilitated polyphenol extraction from herbs [ 18 ]. Water swells the plant matrix, allowing ethanol to penetrate the solid matrices easier, causing a disruption in the bonding between the bioactive compounds and plant matrix, and facilitating a better mass transfer of the compounds [ 70 ].…”

“…Water swells the plant matrix, allowing ethanol to penetrate the solid matrices easier, causing a disruption in the bonding between the bioactive compounds and plant matrix, and facilitating a better mass transfer of the compounds [ 70 ]. Previous results showed that ethanol was a good solvent for extracting bioactive substances from plants, and it was reported to be the best solvent to extract the phenolic compounds from rosemary leaves [ 18 ].…”

“…The 40% ethanolic extract had the lowest activity against S. aureus (2.00 ± 0.00 mm), while E coli and C. albicans showed resistance. Althobaiti [ 18 ] analyzed the effect of a 70% ethanolic extract against S. aureus and E. coli and observed that the extract displayed a high antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, similar with streptomycin used as control. Martinez et al [ 87 ] evaluated the effect of rosemary aqueous extract against S. aureus and E. coli and showed an inhibition zone of 7.8 mm and 6.9 mm, respectively.…”

“…Different plant parts could, therefore, offer bioactive substances for food preservation and herbal medicine [ 15 ]. The antioxidant and antibacterial activity of herbs has been demonstrated in many studies over recent years [ 14 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

“…Among other herbs, oregano ( Origanum vulgare ) and rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis ) ( Lamiaceae ), as well as parsley ( Petroselinum crispum ) and lovage ( Levisticum officinale ) ( Apiaceae ) are known for their antioxidant and antibacterial activity [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. The bioactive-compound distribution during the development of leaves, flowers, stems, and roots and their biosynthetic pathways were previously studied [ 20 ].…”