Antibacterial Activity and Morphological Characterization of Synthesis Graphene Oxide Nanosheets by Simplified Hummer’s Method

Abstract

Graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets were prepared by a novel simplified Hummer's method. The morphological and cross section images of GO have been tested with field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). The antibacterial activity of GO nansheets against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were investigated as a model for Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria respectively. Bacteriological tests were performed by agar well diffusion assay with different concentrations of GO nanosheets and the bacterial morphological change of two bacterial species has been studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) before and after treated with GO nanosheets. These sheets have been approved to be an effective bactericide. The antibacterial activity of the nanosheets dispersion was measured by agar well diffusion method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the biocidal action of this nanoscale material. The nanosheets of GO have shown a high antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. The results of the present work offer a novel assay to prepare GO nanosheets were it could be used as novel antibacterial agent in future for different areas of biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences, like biosensing, antibiotics, imaging, and drug delivery.

Sintesis Oksida Grafena dari Arang Tempurung Kelapa Untuk Aplikasi Antibakteri dan Antioksidan

“…Hasil penelitian ini sesuai dengan spektrum yang muncul pada oksida grafena dari grafit komersial Guo et al (2013) [15] . Sintesis oksida grafena dari arang tempurung kelapa berhasil terbentuk, karena spektrum oksida grafena yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini sesuai dengan spektrum oksida grafena yang disintesis dari grafit komersial [16].…”

“…Oksida grafena dengan konsentrasi 1000 µg/mL diuji aktifitas bakterinya. Menurut Ghanim et al (2018) [16], oksida grafena dengan konsentrasi 1000 µg/mL pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan terbentuknya zona bening. Oksida grafena yang diuji terhadap bakteri S.aureus menunjukkan zona bening sebesar 25 mm.…”

“…Zona bening dengan diameter yang kecil menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri dikategorikan masih lemah. Diameter zona bening oksida grafena penelitian dan literatur menurut Ghanim et al (2018) [16] terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli terlihat pada Tabel 1.…”

Graphene Oxide (GO): A Promising Nanomaterial against Infectious Diseases Caused by Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

“…Interestingly, SEM in another showed the penetration of the cell membrane of S. aureus and claimed the antibacterial activity was more potent in Gram-positive bacteria, which has a thick peptidoglycan layer. This study also mentioned that E. coli has porins, which block the entrance of GO [ 13 ]. Another study also mentioned that the resistance of the Gram-negative E. coli is attributed to the presence of an outer membrane layer [ 25 ].…”

Activity of Biosynthesized Reduced Graphene Oxide against Multidrug resistant Uropathogenic Bacteria

“…The antibacterial activity of BRGO nanosheets was tested against the MDR uropathogens by agar well diffusion method (14) .…”