Antibacterial activity, cytocompatibility and effect of Bio‐C Temp bioceramic intracanal medicament on osteoblast biology

Abstract

Aim To analyse the antimicrobial and biological properties of a new bioceramic intracanal medicament (Bio‐C Temp), and to compare it with two calcium hydroxide‐based intracanal medicaments (Calen® and UltraCal® XS). Methodology The direct contact and the crystal violet tests were performed to assess the antimicrobial activity of intracanal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis. The cytocompatibility and the effect of the medication on the biology of the human osteoblast‐like cell line (Saos‐2) were evaluated with methylthiazole tetrazolium (MTT), neutral red, alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization (alizarin red) assays. The data were analysed using one‐way anova and Tukey’s tests, two‐way anova and Bonferroni’s tests, or Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn’s tests (α = 0.05). Results Bio‐C Temp had significantly less antibacterial activity and biofilm biomass reduction than the other intracanal medicaments (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the viability of Saos‐2 exposed to the various intracanal medicaments, except regarding the 1 : 2 dilution, when the Bio‐C Temp group had significantly lower cell viability than the UltraCal® XS and Calen® groups (P < 0.05). Bio‐C Temp induced significantly greater ALP activity than the other intracanal medicaments (P < 0.05) at day 1. Calen® induced significantly greater deposition of mineralized nodules than the other intracanal medicaments (P < 0.05), and no difference was observed between Bio‐C Temp and UltraCal® XS (P > 0.05). Conclusions Bio‐C Temp had similar cytocompatibility at higher dilutions, and higher or similar induction of ALP activity and deposition of mineralized nodules in comparison with Calen® and UltraCal® XS. However, it had significantly less antibacterial and antibiofilm activity than Calen® and UltraCal® XS.

Biological parameters, discolouration and radiopacity of calcium silicate‐based materials in a simulated model of partial pulpotomy

“…In the present study, the null hypothesis was rejected, as significant differences were found between the calcium silicate‐based materials in most of the evaluated parameters. Although previous studies have evaluated BD using similar methodologies (Adl et al, 2019; Farrugia et al, 2018; Marconyak et al, 2015; Ochoa‐Rodrıguez et al, 2019; Ochoa‐Rodriguez et al, 2020; Oliveira et al, 2020; Shokouhinejad et al, 2016; Vallés et al, 2015; Yoldas et al, 2016), few studies have used BCT (Guerreiro et al, 2021; Oliveira et al, 2020; Villa et al, 2020) and BCR (Benetti et al, 2019; Ghilotti et al, 2020; López‐García et al, 2019), which are new ready‐to‐use materials. To assess crown discolouration by these materials in the presence of blood components, a model was designed to simulate the clinical situation of partial pulpotomy.…”

“…Other ready‐for‐use silicate‐based materials developed recently are Bio‐C Temp (BCT; Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil) and Bio‐C Repair (BCR; Angelus). Both have low cytotoxicity (Ghilotti et al, 2020; Guerreiro et al, 2021; López‐García et al, 2019; Oliveira et al, 2020; Villa et al, 2020), good biocompatibility (Benetti et al, 2019) and biomineralization ability (Benetti et al, 2019; López‐García et al, 2019). BCT was primarily conceived by the manufacturer as an intracanal dressing (Villa et al, 2020) and is also indicated for full pulpotomy (Oliveira et al, 2020).…”

Análise do pH e da atividade antimicrobiana de um novo medicamento intracanal biocerâmico Bio-C Temp

“…Essa diferença pode estar relacionada com a baixa concentração de HC na pasta Ultracal ® XS, promovendo uma menor liberação de íons nos tecidos e, consequentemente, menor ação antimicrobiana. A pasta Bio-C Temp também mostrou baixa ação antimicrobiana, o que pode estar relacionada a sua baixa alcalinidade e a menor formação de moléculas de HC na reação de hidratação (Guerreiro, et al, 2021). Nesse teste, o Bio-C Temp e Ultracal ® XS tiveram ação antimicrobiana semelhantes.…”

“…As limitações deste estudo in vitro incluem o uso de biofilmes monoespécies de E. faecalis, que são provavelmente mais suscetíveis do que biofilmes multiespécies. Apesar do conhecimento do perfil polimicrobiano das infecções endodônticas, a maioria dos estudos in vitro utilizou biofilmes monoespécies para testar materiais endodônticos, o que possibilitou a comparação de nossos dados com estudos anteriores (Barros, et al, 2014;Tabrizizadeh, et al, 2015;Collares, et al, 2018;Balto, et al, 2020;Guerreiro, et al, 2021).…”

“…Esse medicamento se apresenta como uma pasta pronta para uso, é biocompatível, possui pH alcalino e boa radiopacidade (Villa, et al, 2020). Além disso, o Bio-C Temp induz a biomineralização e possui atividade antimicrobiana (Guerreiro, et al, 2021).…”