Antibacterial Resistance Pattern of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated From Clinical Samples at a General Hospital in Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia

Abstract

Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that has an innate resistance to some antibiotics. This bacterium is one of the most common causes of nosocomial infections that include surgical wound infections, burns, and urinary tract infections. The bacteria have been reportedly resistant to many antibiotics and have developed multidrug resistance (MDR). The objective of the study was to determine the resistance pattern of P. aeruginosa isolated from clinical samples of patients against some major antibiotics. Methods:Isolates of P. aeruginosa were obtained from clinical sample of urine, sputum, swabs, pus, feces, and blood and cultured in cetrimide agar. P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 was used as a positive control. The antibacterial susceptibility testing was conducted against 13 antibiotics: Ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefoperazone, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, gentamicin, amikacin, piperacillin, ticarcillin, meropenem, and imipenem. The examination was carried out using agar diffusion method of Kirby-Bauer and following the standards from Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Results:The results showed that bacterial resistance was established against all tested antibiotics. The highest number of resistance was shown against ceftriaxone (44.21%), whereas the most susceptibility was exhibited against amikacin (only 9.47% of resistance). MDR P. aeruginosa (MDRPA) was detected on almost all clinical samples tested, except the feces. The sample with the highest percentage of MDRPA was the pus. Conclusion:The study concludes that the most effective antibiotic against P. aeruginosa is amikacin (91.51%), whereas the most resistance is exhibited to ceftriaxone (43.16%).

Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated From Various Clinical Samples in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Puducherry

“…Among the beta lactams, the third generation cephalosporins, ceftazidime showed 21.8% of resistance while cefoperazone showed high level of resistance (45.9%), which may be contributed to the fact that it is the commonly used antimicrobial agent. In a study conducted by Rustini et al [14], ceftazidime showed 26.32% of resistance while cefoperazone showed 39.89% of resistance on par with our study. In our study, the fourth generation cephalosporin namely cefepime exhibited 25.7% of resistance.…”

Antibiotic Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains in the Patients Admitted to Imam Reza Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran (2016-2018)

“…For instance, the research by Behera et al (19) indicated resistance to this antibiotic to be more than 75%, while Rubin et al (20) reported the resistance rate of 39% to ceftriaxone, which is lower than our findings. In the present study, cefotaxime showed 67.1% resistance, which is higher than the reported rate by Rustini et al (21).…”

Outbreak of MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa on a Burn Intensive Care Unit Caused by Contaminated Saline Sprinkler

“…Typical oxidase positive colonies growing on MacConkey agar and blood agar after incubating at 37 0 c for 24 hours were confirmed as P. aeruginosa using matrixassisted laser desorption ionization time-offlight (MALDI-TOF VITEK®MS), and antimicrobial susceptibility testing for the isolates were done by VITEK®2 system (bioMérieux, Inc., Durham, NC). The bacterial isolates were considered to exhibit MDR when they showed resistance to three or more antibiotics (Rustini et al, 2017).…”