“Antibiotic hardstop” on electronic prescribing: impact on antimicrobial stewardship initiatives in patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and infective exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (IECOPD)

Abstract

Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains a major public health threat and the exploration of interventions which may reduce inappropriate antimicrobial use are of particular interest. An Antibiotic Hardstop (AH) was included within the eMeds system introduced to the Central Coast Local Health District (CCLHD) in 2018. The function allows prescribers to set a predetermined time at which antibiotic orders would cease. By default, the function set prescribed length to 5 days with a view to encourage prescribers to review existing antimicrobial orders and reduce inappropriate use. Methods Records of adult inpatients prescribed broad spectrum antimicrobials with a registered indication of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) or an infective exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (IECOPD) between the 1st of March 2017 and 31st May 2017 for the pre eMeds cohort and 1st March 2019 and 31st May 2019 for the post eMeds cohort were randomly selected from our local health network’s Guidance MS® system. Baseline demographics, antimicrobial prescribing records and documented adverse events related to the AH function were collated/analysed. The days of therapy (DOT) and length of therapy (LOT) for each encounter were calculated manually and results analysed using a two-tailed t-test or Mann–Whitney U test. Results Of patients eligible to have the AH function activated during their admission, 34% (n = 34) had the function deployed at least once. Following the introduction of eMeds mean DOT for the pooled indications cohort was reduced by 3.02 days (CI 95% 0.41–5.63, p < 0.05) and mean LOT by 1.97 days (CI 95% 0.39–3.55, p < 0.05). The hardstop function resulted in 2 cases of delayed or unintentionally ceased therapies. Conclusions Following the introduction of electronic prescribing and AH, a significant reduction was observed in the DOT and LOT for antimicrobial use for inpatients with CAP and IECOPD without a significant increase in adverse events. Further research is required to determine the extent to which the AH functionality directly contributed to this effect and if the effect is present across a broader range of indications.

Accordance of Registered Drug Packages with Guideline-Recommended Treatment Durations for Community-Acquired Pneumonia—A New Antibiotic Stewardship Target?

“…Overall, research indicates that the greater the number of stewardship measures implemented, the lower antibiotic overuse is [ 15 ]. Enhancing electronic medicine prescribing with antimicrobial stewardship features can reduce days of antibiotic treatment [ 16 ].…”

Knowledge and Attitudes of Healthcare Workers towards Antibiotic Use and Antimicrobial Resistance in Two Major Tertiary Hospitals in Western Greece

“…The implementation of measures to restrict the use of certain antibiotics has been proven to reduce inappropriate antimicrobial administration. Following the introduction of electronic prescribing and Antibiotic Hardstop, a significant reduction has been observed in the days of therapy and length of therapy for antimicrobial use without a significant increase in adverse events [8].…”