Antibiotic resistance breakers: current approaches and future directions

Laws, Mark; Shaaban, Ali; Rahman, Khondaker Miraz

doi:10.1093/femsre/fuz014

Cited by 246 publications

(198 citation statements)

References 243 publications

(234 reference statements)

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“…ARBs are a type of antibiotic adjuvants that are capable of re-sensitizing resistant bacteria to antibiotics. The three main classes of ARBs include β-lactam inhibitors, membrane permeabilizers, and efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) [106,107]. Among ARB-antibiotic combinations, the co-administration of β-lactamase inhibitors (e.g., clavulanic acid) with β-lactam antibiotics (e.g., amoxicillin) has met clinical success and been extensively described in the literature [106][107][108].…”

Section: Peptide Conjugatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) and Their Delivery Strategies for Wound Infections

2020

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Bacterial infections occur when wound healing fails to reach the final stage of healing, which is usually hindered by the presence of different pathogens. Different topical antimicrobial agents are used to inhibit bacterial growth due to antibiotic failure in reaching the infected site, which is accompanied very often by increased drug resistance and other side effects. In this review, we focus on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), especially those with a high potential of efficacy against multidrug-resistant and biofilm-forming bacteria and fungi present in wound infections. Currently, different AMPs undergo preclinical and clinical phase to combat infection-related diseases. AMP dendrimers (AMPDs) have been mentioned as potent microbial agents. Various AMP delivery strategies that are used to combat infection and modulate the healing rate—such as polymers, scaffolds, films and wound dressings, and organic and inorganic nanoparticles—have been discussed as well. New technologies such as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein (CRISPR-Cas) are taken into consideration as potential future tools for AMP delivery in skin therapy.

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Section: Peptide Conjugatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) and Their Delivery Strategies for Wound Infections

2020

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“…86 More recently, the increased incidence of MDROs, such as Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae, has been the scope of several papers. 88,89 Gram-negative bacteria are reported as MDROs if not susceptible to at least three of the following antimicrobial categories: antipseudomonal penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, aminoglycosides or FQs. 90 In several European countries,> 10% of invasive infections caused by E. coli were due to extended-spectrum betalactamases (ESBL).…”

Section: Clinical Presentation and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Febrile Neutropenia in Acute Leukemia. Epidemiology, Etiology, Pathophysiology and Treatment

Hansen¹,

Wendelbo²,

Bruserud³

et al. 2019

Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis

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Acute leukemias are a group of aggressive malignant diseases associated with a high degree of morbidity and mortality. An important cause of both the latter is infectious complications. Patients with acute leukemia are highly susceptible to infectious diseases due to factors related to the disease itself, factors attributed to treatment, and specific individual risk factors in each patient. Patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia are at particularly high risk, and microbiological agents include viral, bacterial and fungal agents. The etiology is often unknown in infectious complications, although adequate patient evaluation and sampling have diagnostic, prognostic and treatment-related consequences. Bacterial infections include a wide range of potential microbes, both Gram-negative and Gram-positive species, while fungal infections include both mold and yeast. A recurring problem is increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents, and in particular, this applies to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase resistance (ESBL), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) and even carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE). International guidelines for the treatment of sepsis in leukemia patients include the use of broad-spectrum Pseudomonas-acting antibiotics. However, one should implant the knowledge of local microbiological epidemiology and resistance conditions in treatment decisions. Here, we discuss infectious diseases in acute leukemia with a major focus on febrile neutropenia and sepsis, and we problematize the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic aspects of infectious complications in this patient group. Meticulously and thorough clinical and radiological examination combined with adequate microbiology samples are cornerstones of the examination. Diagnostic and prognostic evaluation includes patient review according to the multinational association for supportive care in cancer (MASCC) and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scoring system. Antimicrobial treatments for important etiological agents are presented. The main challenge for reducing the spread of resistant microbes is to avoid unnecessary antibiotic treatment, but without giving to narrow treatment to the febrile neutropenic patient that reduce the prognosis.

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“…Antibiotics are a boon to human civilization for saving millions of human and animal lives and alleviating infection-inflicted miseries (1,2). Despite their undisputable health benefits, antibiotics exert unintended collateral effects, including microbiota perturbation or dysbiosis and impaired host immunity to infections and vaccines in humans and mice (3)(4)(5)(6)(7). In infants, since the microbiota is immature and the immune system is not fully functional, the consequences inflicted due to antibiotic treatment are more severe and long-lasting than in adults (8)(9)(10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dark Side of Antibiotics: Adverse Effects on the Infant Immune Defense Against Infection

Shekhar

Petersen

2020

Front. Pediatr.

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Although antibiotics confer significant health benefits in treating or preventing bacterial infections, an accumulating wealth of evidence illustrates their detrimental effect on host-microbiota homeostasis, posing a serious menace to the global public health. In recent years, it is becoming evident that infants, who are subjected to frequent antibiotic exposures due to their vulnerability to infection, reflect increased susceptibility to a wide spectrum of diseases, including infection, in later life. Antibiotics induce perturbations of the microbiota or dysbiosis, which in turn alters the host immune responses against pathogens. In comparison with adults, antibiotic treatments in infants have disproportionate consequences because the infant microbiota represents an evolving system that is unstable and immature until 2-3 years of age. However, relatively less knowledge is available on how antibiotics affect the infant microbiota and immunity. In this review article, we focus on how antibiotic treatment regimens influence the infant innate and adaptive immunity to pathogens in humans and animal models, and make the host susceptible to infections in later life. There is a critical need to better understand the effect of antibiotics on infant immune function, which may have implications for developing effective prophylactics and therapeutics against diseases in infants and adults.

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Antibiotic resistance breakers: current approaches and future directions

Cited by 246 publications

References 243 publications

An Update on Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) and Their Delivery Strategies for Wound Infections

An Update on Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) and Their Delivery Strategies for Wound Infections

Febrile Neutropenia in Acute Leukemia. Epidemiology, Etiology, Pathophysiology and Treatment

The Dark Side of Antibiotics: Adverse Effects on the Infant Immune Defense Against Infection

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