Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Salmonellae Isolated from Poultry from Different Districts of Punjab, Pakistan

Yasmin, Sidra

doi:10.29261/pakvetj/2019.080

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…S. enteritidis is one of the most common Salmonella serovars causing foodborne infections and has veterinary and public health concerns [ 3 ]. The resistance of S. enteritidis to penicillin, aminoglycosides, β -lactams, and fluoroquinolones has been reported worldwide, including Pakistan [ 4 , 5 ]. It has conclusively been shown that Salmonella can acquire these resistance genes via mobile genetic elements (MGEs) like plasmids, which allow host bacteria more flexibility to disseminate these genes across varied bacterial populations [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

[Retracted] CRISPR‐Cas System: An Adaptive Immune System’s Association with Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis

Haider

Shabbir

Yaqub

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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Several factors are involved in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and pose a serious threat to public health safety. Among them, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat- (CRISPR-) Cas system, an adaptive immune system, is thought to be involved in the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. The current study was aimed at determining not only the presence of antibiotic resistance and CRISPR-Cas system but also their association with each other in Salmonella enteritidis isolated from the commercial poultry. A total of 139 samples were collected from poultry birds sold at the live bird markets of Lahore City, and both phenotypic and genotypic methods were used to determine antimicrobial resistance. The presence of the CRISPR-Cas system was determined by PCR, followed by sequencing. All isolates of S. enteritidis (100%) were resistant to nalidixic acid, whereas 95% of isolates were resistant to ampicillin. Five multidrug-resistant isolates (MDR) such as S. enteritidis isolate (S. E1, S. E2, S. E4, S. E5, and S. E8) were found in the present study. The CRISPR-Cas system was detected in all of these MDR isolates, and eight spacers were detected within the CRISPR array. In addition, an increased expression of CRISPR-related genes was observed in the standard strain and MDR S. enteritidis isolates. The association of the CRISPSR-Cas system with multiple drug resistance highlights the exogenous acquisition of genes by horizontal transfer. The information could be used further to combat antibiotic resistance in pathogens like Salmonella.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

[Retracted] CRISPR‐Cas System: An Adaptive Immune System’s Association with Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis

Haider

Shabbir

Yaqub

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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“…Among the potential biosecurity interventions, systematic vaccination programs based on surveillance studies on the pathogenic microbes circulating in a particular region is a key approach to effectively control the infection of virulent strains, including Salmonella serotypes, in poultry flocks [ 53 ]. The poultry farms surveyed in this study were selected based on their non-vaccinated status, imposing a higher likelihood of diseases from Salmonella Gallinarum in reared layer flocks [ 54 ]. At present, a few imported commercial vaccines are available for immunization of layer poultry flocks in Bangladesh.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella Gallinarum in Small-Scale Commercial Layer Flocks: Occurrence, Molecular Diversity and Antibiogram

Haque

Akter

Islam

et al. 2021

Veterinary Sciences

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Salmonella Gallinarum is one of the most important bacterial pathogens associated with diminished egg production in poultry. The aim of this study was to understand the occurrence, molecular traits and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Salmonella Gallinarum strains isolated from small-scale commercial layer flocks with low level biosecurity standards in Bangladesh. A total of 765 samples, including cloacal swabs (535), visceral organs (50), and droppings (180), were collected from chickens of 12 layer flocks in 11 districts. Salmonella Gallinarum was isolated and characterized through culture-based method, followed by biochemical tests, sero-grouping, PCR assays, sequencing, and antibiogram. The identity of biochemically detected isolates of Salmonella Gallinarum was confirmed via genus-specific 16S rRNA gene based PCR, followed by invA and spvC genes based PCR assays. Occurrence of Salmonella Gallinarum was detected in overall 25.75% (197/765) samples, with a significantly (p < 0.05) higher incidence in visceral organs (42%) in comparison to cloacal swab (24%) and droppings (26%). Sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis of invA and spvC genes in representative strains of Salmonella Gallinarum revealed a close genetic lineage, with a sequence similarity of 98.05–99.21% and 97.51–99.45%, respectively, to previously published sequences of the corresponding genes from the same serogroup strains. Remarkably, 66.5% (131/197) of the isolated strains of Salmonella Gallinarum were found to be resistant to 3 to 6 antimicrobial agents, and interpreted as multidrug resistant (MDR). The findings of this study underscore an inherent need of appropriate control measures to curb the widespread incidence of MDR Salmonella Gallinarum in small-scale commercial layer flocks, thereby, facilitating enhanced egg production and further support to the food security and safety in low resource settings.

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“…Indicator organism: Multidrug resistant Salmonella (n=10) including Salmonella gallinarum (S01, S07, S15, S54, S64) and Salmonella enteritidis (S02, S47, S62, S63, S67) of poultry origin were obtained from in house collection of Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and animal Sciences, Lahore. Antibiotic resistance pattern of these isolates was determined previously is given table 1 (Yasmin et al, 2019). All these isolates were sub-cultured and maintained on salmonella shigella agar at 37 o C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Analysis and In Vitro Activity of Essential Oils of Selected Plants against Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella gallinarum of Poultry Origin

Yasmin¹

2020

PVJ

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Antibiotic resistant Salmonella is a major threat to poultry industry and public health. Medicinal plants are an effective alternative of antibiotics for the control and treatment of multiple drug resistant Salmonella. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in-vitro activity of essential oils of some medicinal plants against multiple drug resistant Salmonella of poultry origin and to determine their active ingredients. Essential oils of Cuminum cyminum, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Eucalyptus globulus, Allium sativum and Nigella sativa were prepared by steam distillation and their active ingredients were determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Activity of oils against Salmonella enteritidis (n=05) and Salmonella gallinarum (n=05) was determined by well diffusion assay. Broth microdilution assay was employed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations of oils. Well diffusion assay revealed that C. zeylanicum and E. globulus had better activity against salmonellae (26±7.6 mm and 16±6.8 mm, respectively) as compared to C. cyminum, A. sativum and N. sativa (8±5.9, 10±6.1, 8±4.7 mm, respectively). Minimum inhibitory concentrations of C. zeylanicum and E. globulus against Salmonella were 64.1±32.1 and 68.9±32.9 µg/mL, respectively. The GC-MS analysis revealed presence of diverse phytochemicals in all essential oils. Major antimicrobial phyto-constituents of essential oils of E. globulus and C. zeylanicum were eucalyptol (82.85%) and 1R-α-Pinene (13.781%), and cinnamaldehyde (64.14%) and eugenol (8.9%), respectively. It is concluded that essential oils of C. zeylanicum and E. globulus have excellent in vitro anti-Salmonella activity. It is insinuated that these extracts may be commercialized as an alternative of antibiotics for the control of Salmonellae in poultry after detailed in vivo evaluations.

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Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Salmonellae Isolated from Poultry from Different Districts of Punjab, Pakistan

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

[Retracted] CRISPR‐Cas System: An Adaptive Immune System’s Association with Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis

[Retracted] CRISPR‐Cas System: An Adaptive Immune System’s Association with Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis

Salmonella Gallinarum in Small-Scale Commercial Layer Flocks: Occurrence, Molecular Diversity and Antibiogram

Phytochemical Analysis and In Vitro Activity of Essential Oils of Selected Plants against Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella gallinarum of Poultry Origin

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