Antibiotic therapy for pelvic inflammatory disease

Savaris, Ricardo Francalacci; Fuhrich, Daniele Geras; Duarte, Rui; Franik, Sebastian; Ross, Jonathan

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd010285.pub2

Cited by 40 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Western medicine uses antibiotics to effectively control the symptoms (Jaiyeoba et al, 2011;Bugg and Taira, 2016). However, no conclusive evidence indicated that antibiotic treatment for the pelvic inflammatory disease was safer or more effective than other methods (Savaris et al, 2017). Endometriosis is a common inflammatory disease often accompanied by pelvic pain and infertility.…”

Section: Effects On Gynecological Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Potential of Centella asiatica and Its Triterpenes: A Review

Sun

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

186

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Centella asiatica (also known as Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. or Gotu kola) is a traditional Chinese medicine with extensive medicinal value, which is commonly used in Southeast Asian countries. This study aimed to summarize the effects of C. asiatica and its main components on neurological diseases, endocrine diseases, skin diseases, cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, immune diseases, and gynecological diseases, as well as potential molecular mechanisms, to study the pathological mechanism of these diseases based on the changes at the molecular level. The results showed that C. asiatica and its triterpenoids had extensive beneficial effects on neurological and skin diseases, which were confirmed through clinical studies. They exhibited anti-inflammatory, antioxidative stress, anti-apoptotic effects, and improvement in mitochondrial function. However, further clinical studies are urgently required due to the low level of evidence and lack of patients.

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Section: Effects On Gynecological Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Potential of Centella asiatica and Its Triterpenes: A Review

Sun

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

186

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“…Previous studies have reported similar data and recommend that PID management should be based on clinical features 9,25 . In the present study, hospitalization was decided according to clinical criteria 1,14,15,17 and all patients were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotic regimens to cover likely pathogens, including CT and NG, irrespectively of the results 1,4,18 . Likewise, the economic analysis showed no cost differences between CT/NG-positive and negative patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients were classified as having mild-to-moderate or severe PID according to clinical symptoms and signs and complementary test results 3,17,18 . Severe PID was defined in this study as the presence of severe symptoms or signs and/or the presence of tubo-ovarian abscess at imaging tests 3,17 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Severe PID was defined in this study as the presence of severe symptoms or signs and/or the presence of tubo-ovarian abscess at imaging tests 3,17 . Patients who didn’t meet these criteria were classified as mild-to-moderate PID 17,18 . Patients with severe PID were admitted to hospital, while mild-to-moderate cases were managed as outpatients in cases of non-pregnant women with the absence of severe clinical manifestations, nausea/vomiting and comorbidities 1,3,14,17,18 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance and impact of using a rapid molecular test to detectChlamydia trachomatisandNeisseria gonorrhoeaein women suspected of having pelvic inflammatory disease

Vergara

Munrós

Bataller

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objective The diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is challenging. Testing for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) in the lower genital tract is recommended, since a positive result supports the diagnosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of CT/NG infection in women suspected of having PID and the usefulness of a rapid molecular test to detect CT/NG. Methods This observational study included 3 groups of patients: mild-to-moderate PID (n=33), severe PID (n=29) and non-specific lower abdominal pain (NSAP) (n=13). CT/NG infection were analyzed using a standard and a rapid test. A cost analysis was carried out. Results The presence of CT/NG was determined in 75 endocervical and urine samples. Endocervical samples of 19 patients (25.3%) were CT/ NG positive (two cases of co-infection). NG was not detected in urine in one case. Concordance between rapid and standard tests was 100%. However, the mean time to achieve results was shorter with the rapid test: 2.22 vs. 24.37 hours, respectively ( p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in the presence of CT/NG in mild-to-moderate compared to severe PID. Costs differed according only to disease severity but to the presence of CT/NG. Only one patient with NSAP was positive for CT. Conclusions Rapid molecular tests could help with the diagnosis of PID in sexually active women in clinical settings in which a standard technique is not available. Nonetheless, a positive test for CT/NG may not be determinant of the clinical management. The only cost difference relates to disease severity.

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“…Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infectious polymicrobial disorder of the upper genital tract that affects around 4-12% of young women worldwide [1]. This clinical entity can be attributed to a variety of bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Need for Standardization of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: Pilot Study in an Outpatient Clinic in Quito, Ecuador

Cueva

Caicedo

Hidalgo

2020

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Background. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) diagnosis is often challenging as well as its treatment. This study sought to characterize the diagnostic and therapeutic trend among physicians at the outpatient level, in Quito, Ecuador, where currently no nationwide screening or specific clinical guideline has been implemented on PID or its main microbiological agents. Methods. A retrospective analysis of medical records with pelvic inflammatory disease diagnosis in an outpatient clinic was performed. Electronic medical records from 2013 to 2018 with any pelvic inflammatory disease-related diagnoses were retrieved. Information with regard to age, sexually related risk factors, symptoms and physical exam findings, ancillary tests, method of diagnosis, and antibiotic regimens was extracted. Results. A total of 186 records were included. The most frequent clinical manifestations were vaginal discharge (47%) and pelvic pain (39%). In the physical examination, leucorrhea was the most frequent finding (47%), followed by lower abdominal tenderness (35%) and cervical motion tenderness in 51 patients (27%). A clinical diagnosis was established in 60% of patients, while 37% had a transvaginal sonography-guided diagnosis. Antibiotic treatment was prescribed with standard regimens in 3% of cases, while other regimens were used in 93% of patients. Additionally, an average of 1.9 drugs were prescribed per patient, with a range from 1 to 5, all in different combinations and dosages. Conclusions. No standardized methods of diagnosis or treatment were identifiable. These findings highlight the need for standardization of the diagnosis and treatment of PID attributed to chlamydial and gonococcal infections.

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Antibiotic therapy for pelvic inflammatory disease

Abstract: Antibiotic therapy for pelvic inflammatory disease.

Cited by 40 publications

References 108 publications

Therapeutic Potential of Centella asiatica and Its Triterpenes: A Review

Therapeutic Potential of Centella asiatica and Its Triterpenes: A Review

Performance and impact of using a rapid molecular test to detectChlamydia trachomatisandNeisseria gonorrhoeaein women suspected of having pelvic inflammatory disease

A Need for Standardization of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: Pilot Study in an Outpatient Clinic in Quito, Ecuador

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