Antibiotic use in the management of children with the common cold at a provincial hospital in Papua New Guinea: a point-prevalence study

Zamunu, Andree; Pameh, Wendy; Ripa, Paulus; Vince, John; Duke, Trevor

doi:10.1080/20469047.2018.1489628

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Iz raziskav je razvidno, da starši ob pojavu okužb zgornjih dihalnih poti velikokrat uporabljajo homeopatska zdravila (Fixen, 2018), paracetamol (Bham et al, 2016), domača zdravila, manj pa sledijo navodilom članov negovalnega in zdravstvenega tima (Kumar et al, 2011). Starše je treba informirati, kdaj z otrokom k zdravniku in kdaj otrok resnično potrebuje antibiotik (Raft et al, 2017), saj ga mnogim zdravniki predpišejo pogosto in prehitro (Alexandrino et al, 2016;Dekker et al, 2017;Tyrstrup et al, 2017;Zamunu et al, 2018;Long et al, 2019).…”

Section: Diskusijaunclassified

“…Alzahrani et al (2018) ocenjujejo, da je treba opredeliti dejavnike oziroma pripraviti smernice, na osnovi katerih bi otroku z okužbo zgornjih dihalnih poti utemeljeno predpisali širokospektralni antibiotik. Zdravstveni delavci zato nujno potrebujejo strokovna izobraževanja o etiologiji in obvladovanju okužb zgornjih dihalnih poti pri otrocih (O'Connor et al, 2018), starši pa zdravstveno vzgojo o pravilni in racionalni uporabi antibiotikov (Zamunu et al, 2018). Zdravstveni delavci na pediatričnih oddelkih morajo staršem podati razumljiva navodila o pravilni in smotrni uporabi antibiotikov (Lunze et al, 2017).…”

Section: Raven Dokaza / Level Of Evidenceunclassified

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Ukrepi za obravnavo otroka z okužbo zgornjih dihalnih poti

et al. 2021

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Uvod: Okužbe zgornjih dihalnih poti so pri otrocih pogoste ter so tudi pogost razlog za opustitve šolanja, obisk zdravnika in nepotrebne stroške zdravstva. Namen raziskave je pregledati, analizirati in sintetizirati obstoječo literaturo s področja ukrepov pri zdravstveni obravnavi otrok z okužbo zgornjih dihalnih poti.Metode: Uporabili smo opisno metodo dela. Iskanje literature je potekalo v obdobju od decembra 2019 do januarja 2020 v mednarodnih podatkovnih bazah Medline in CINAHL. Potek iskanja in analize literature je prikazan s pomočjo diagrama PRISMA. Zadetke smo analizirali glede na karakteristike raziskav in razvrstili glede na raven dokaza. Rezultate smo sintetizirali s pomočjo vsebinske analize.Rezultati: Izmed 1.845 identificiranih zadetkov smo v končno analizo vključili 18 zadetkov. Identificirali smo 10 kategorij: znanje, prepoznavanje okužbe zgornjih dihalnih poti, predpisovanje in uporaba antibiotikov, uporaba nepredpisanih zdravil v domačem okolju, uporaba predpisanih zdravil v domačem okolju, uporaba predpisanih zdravil v bolnišnici, socialna izolacija, nedokazan uspeh zdravila, dejavnosti zdravstvenih delavcev za preprečevanje ali zdravljenje okužb zgornjih dihalnih poti, obravnava, osredotočena na otroka in starše. Identificirali smo tri kategorije: zdravstvena vzgoja, zdravljenje in ukrepi za izboljšanje zdravstvene obravnave, zdravstvena nega in oskrba.Diskusija in zaključek: Za kakovostno zdravstveno obravnavo otrok z okužbami zgornjih dihalnih poti je potreben pristop, ki je usmerjen k otroku in družini, je celosten ter varen. Ukrepi pri interdisciplinarni zdravstveni obravnavi otrok morajo temeljiti na znanstvenih dokazih. Poleg ustreznega zdravljenja in ukrepov je pomembno, da izvajamo tudi izobraževanje otrok in staršev.

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Section: Diskusijaunclassified

Section: Raven Dokaza / Level Of Evidenceunclassified

Ukrepi za obravnavo otroka z okužbo zgornjih dihalnih poti

et al. 2021

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“…31 High rates of unnecessary prescribing was also confirmed in a recent paediatric outpatient study in PNG: 82% of children presenting with a common cold were given antimicrobials. 32 Human movement and travel Traditionally, PICTs experienced low volumes of airline traffic due to their geographical dispersion, small populations and high costs of fuel and parts. However, the recent emergence of low-cost carriers has led to greater capacity on existing airline routes and the introduction of new routes.…”

Section: Community and Prescriber Understanding Of Amrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance in the Pacific Island countries and territories

et al. 2020

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health threat with a disproportionate impact on low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to their higher burden of infections, reduced laboratory surveillance infrastructure and fewer regulations governing antimicrobial use among humans or animals. While there have been increasing descriptions of AMR within many LMICs in WHO’s Western Pacific and South East Asian regions, there remains a paucity of data from Pacific Island countries and territories (PICTs). The PICTs represent 22 predominantly middle-income countries and territories with a combined population of 12 million people and 20 official languages, spread over hundreds of separate islands spanning an area corresponding to more than 15% of the earth’s surface. Our paper outlines the present state of the evidence regarding AMR in PICTs—discussing the present estimates of AMR and their accompanying limitations, important drivers of AMR, as well as outlining key priorities and potential solutions for tackling AMR in this region. Significant areas for action include developing National Action Plans, strengthening laboratory surveillance systems and educational activities targeted at both healthcare workers and the wider community. Ensuring adequate funding for AMR activities in PICTs is challenging given competing health and environmental priorities, in this context global or regional funding initiatives such as the Fleming Fund can play a key role.

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“…(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18) These drug resistant strains have become global health crises and an emergency. Factors associated with antibiotic use are both community and hospitals based as studies have reported increased use of antibiotics by parents and caregivers as well as health care providers ( (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). It is therefore imperative to monitor and control antibiotic prescribing to ensure judicious use, prevent resistance and reduce cost of healthcare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Point Prevalence Surveys of Antibiotic Prescribing in Children at a Tertiary Hospital in a resource constraint, low- income sub-Saharan African country.

Akintan

Oshun

Osuagwu

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background Antibiotic resistance has been widely described in children by various pathogens to multiple antibiotics, these have become a global health crisis and an emergency. Factors associated with antibiotic use are both community and hospital based as studies have reported increased use of antibiotics by parents and caregivers as well as health care providers This study aimed to describe prevalence rates of antibiotic prescribing and evaluate antibiotic prescribing practices as well as targets for improving the quality of antimicrobial prescribing in children over time. Method Point prevalence survey of antimicrobial use was performed yearly for 4 years to monitor trends in antimicrobial prescribing., Data from all patients admitted before 8 am on the day of the PPS were included. A web-based application designed by the University of Antwerp was used for data-entry, validation and analysis (http://www.global-pps.com). Results A total of 260 children including 90 (34.6%) neonates and 170 (65.4%) older children were admitted during the four surveys. Overall, 179 (68.8%) patients received at least one antibiotic. In neonates, the prevalence of antibiotic use increased from 78.9–89.5% but reduced from 100–58.8% in older children. There was a reduction in the use of antibiotics for prophylaxis from 45.7–24.6%. The most frequently prescribed antibiotic groups were third generation cephalosporins and aminoglycosides. The most common indication for antibiotic prescribing was sepsis in neonates and central nervous system infection in older children. The documentation of reason in notes increased from 33–100% while stop review date also increased from 19.4–82.1%. Conclusion The prevalence of antibiotic use was high with cephalosporins being the most prescribed antibiotic.

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Antibiotic use in the management of children with the common cold at a provincial hospital in Papua New Guinea: a point-prevalence study

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Ukrepi za obravnavo otroka z okužbo zgornjih dihalnih poti

Ukrepi za obravnavo otroka z okužbo zgornjih dihalnih poti

Antimicrobial resistance in the Pacific Island countries and territories

Point Prevalence Surveys of Antibiotic Prescribing in Children at a Tertiary Hospital in a resource constraint, low- income sub-Saharan African country.

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