Antibodies Regulate Dual-Function Enzyme IYD to Induce Functional Synergy between Metabolism and Thermogenesis

Abstract

Iodotyrosine deiodinase (IYD) is a type of deiodinase enzyme that scavenges iodide from the thyroid gland. Previously, we showed that H3 Ab acts as an agonist on IYD to induce migration of cells to the heart and differentiate human stem cells into brown adipocyte-like cells. To continue this study, we investigated the dual function of IYD in hypothyroidism by blocking IYD and in thermogenesis by looking at the induction of brown adipocyte-like cells by treatment with H3 Ab in a mouse model. Surprisingly, our results suggest H3 Ab acts on IYD as both an antagonist and agonist to reduce T4 and increase core body temperature in the mouse model. Taken together, the data suggest IYD has a dual function that can regulate physiological metabolism and enhance thermogenesis.

Agonist (P1) Antibody Converts Stem Cells into Migrating Beta-Like Cells in Pancreatic Islets

“…In this study, we describe the autocrine-based selection of antibodies that induce bone marrow cells to enter a two-stage process where they first form beta-like cells that then migrate to the islet. To accomplish this, we used a novel selection system that capitalizes on the fact that, because of migration, the desired phenotype is self-selecting [ 2 - 4 ]. Usually, one needs to induce a signal that distinguishes some cells in a population from the bulk of the population.…”