Anticancer Activity of Ferulic Acid‐Inorganic Nanohybrids Synthesized via Two Different Hybridization Routes, Reconstruction and Exfoliation‐Reassembly

Abstract

We have successfully prepared nanohybrids of biofunctional ferulic acid and layered double hydroxide nanomaterials through reconstruction and exfoliation-reassembly routes. From X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy, both nanohybrids were determined to incorporate ferulic acid molecules in anionic form. Micrsocopic results showed that the nanohybrids had average particle size of 150 nm with plate-like morphology. As the two nanohybridization routes involved crystal disorder and random stacking of layers, the nanohybrids showed slight alteration in z-axis crystallinity and particle size. The zeta potential values of pristine and nanohybrids in deionized water were determined to be positive, while those in cell culture media shifted to negative values. According to the in vitro anticancer activity test on human cervical cancer HeLa cells, it was revealed that nanohybrids showed twice anticancer activity compared with ferulic acid itself. Therefore we could conclude that the nanohybrids of ferulic acid and layered double hydroxide had cellular delivery property of intercalated molecules on cancer cell lines.

Intracrystalline structure and release pattern of ferulic acid intercalated into layered double hydroxide through various synthesis routes

“…1) showed (00l) diffraction peaks at lower diffraction angles compared with pristine and intermediate LDH, suggesting that the LDH lattice expanded along the crystallographic c-axis upon intercalation of FA molecules, as reported before (Kim et al, 2013). The d-value of all FL nanohybrids obtained from (00l) peaks was approximately 1.72 nm.…”

“…Among various anionic bioactive molecules, intercalation of phenolic acids such as cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid, into LDH has attracted interest (Kong et al, 2010a;Biswick et al, 2011;Kim et al, 2013). Stabilization and controlled release of phenolic acids by LDH enable applications in cosmetics, drugs and functional food additives by utilizing ultraviolet absorption and antioxidant properties of phenolic acids.…”

Nutraceutical properties of cumin residue generated from Ayurvedic industries using cell line models

“…The RCM is rich in p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid and myricetin whereas p-coumaric acid, syringic acid, ellagic acid, cinnamic acid and ferulic acid were the major compounds in the SCM. All these phenolic compounds are reported to possess anticancer properties (Jaganathan et al 2013;Xu et al 2013;Mohamed Salah et al 2011;Zhang et al 2014;Niero and Machado-Santelli 2013;Kim et al 2013). The activities of the extracts of SC and RC may be attributed to the presence of these compounds.…”

Inorganic nanolayers: structure, preparation, and biomedical applications

“…129 The enhanced anticancer effect can be attributed to the nanoscale size of the nanocomposite and sustained release of the ciprofloxacin. Many other anticancer drugs have been intercalated into LDHs, such as ferulic acid, 130 cetirizine, 131 ellagic acid (EA), 41 5-FUcyclodextrin complex, 132 and doxifluridine.…”

“…All of these characteristics would improve patients' compliance with treatment, particularly in the management of cancer, TB, and Parkinson's disease, whose drugs have a lot of side effects. 130,[177][178][179] Here, we discuss the effect of different parameters, such as pH, types of anions present in the release media, and mechanisms involved in drug release from LDHs.…”