Anticancer and apoptotic effects of a polysaccharide extract isolated from Lactarius chrysorrheus Fr. in HepG2 and PANC-1 cell lines

Abstract

Mushrooms are widely used in many cultures for nutritional and health benefits. The Lactarius species is found in the Aegean region of Turkey. Lactarius chrysorrheus Fr. is a wild mushroom that contains a milky juice. In this study, we investigated the in vitro cytotoxic potential and apoptotic effect of the polysaccharide extract prepared from L. chrysorrheus by water extraction and alcohol precipitation using the tetrazolium MTT dye assay, annexin V staining, wound healing and colony formation, and qRT-PCR. The molecular weights of three peaks observed in HPLC chromatograms were calculated as 1869.9, 3043.92 and 16821.47 Da. The extract exhibited cytotoxic activity at 72 h, with an IC50 value of 296.42 ?g/mL in HepG2 and 444.43 ?g/mL in PANC-1 cells; the extract that was tested on the normal HEK293 cell line exhibited no cytotoxicity. Further, L. chrysorrheus upregulated the expression of CASPASE 3 and CASPASE 9 while downregulating B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) genes, and inhibited cell migration and colony formation in HepG2 and PANC-1 cells. This study provides new insight into the use of the polysaccharide from L. chrysorrheus in the development of novel anticancer agents.

Two new compounds from endemic Centaurea paphlagonica (Bornm.) Wagenitz and their cytotoxic activities

“…Similarly, the compounds 25 and 26 were more cytotoxic to LnCap cells. The trend toward treatments for cancer based on natural products or compounds derived from natural products is the most crucial issue of the new century (Mutlu et al., 2022; Sen et al., 2015). Thus, natural therapies can be less harmful than synthetic agents, even at high doses.…”

Evaluating Antibiofilm, Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Activities ofScutellaria brevibracteatasubsp.brevibracteataEssential Oil

“…MTT (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (BioVision, USA) was used for the cytotoxicity assay of the essential oil of S. brevibracteata subsp. brevibracteata as described previously [92] . In this assay, 96‐well plates (100 μl culture medium/well) were seeded with cells at a concentration of 3×10 3 cells/well.…”

“…brevibracteata as described previously. [92] In this assay, 96-well plates (100 μl culture medium/well) were seeded with cells at a concentration of 3×10 3 cells/well. After 24 h incubation, cells were treated with different concentrations (3.9, 7.8, 15.6, 31.25 and 62.5 μg/ml) of the essential oil of S. brevibracteata subsp.…”

Investigation of controlled drug release of ibuprofen with prepared and characterized innovative bigel materials

“…The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was performed on human immortalized human keratinocyte cells to confirm the bigel extracts compatibility as previously described [27]. The effect of bigels on human immortalized human keratinocyte cell viability at different concentrations cell viability was determined in this study.…”