Antidiabetic Activity and Chemical Composition of Sanbai Melon Seed Oil

Abstract

Objectives Many fruits and herbs had been used in Traditional Chinese Medicines for treating diabetes mellitus (DM); however, scientific and accurate evidences regarding their efficacy and possible mechanisms were largely unknown. Sanbai melon seed oil (SMSO) was used in folk medicine in treating DM, but there is no literature about these effects. The present study was aimed at confirming the treatment effects of SMSO in type 1 DM. Methods Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 65 mg/kg body weight. After diabetes induction, mice were treated with SMSO at dose of 1 g/kg, 2 g/kg, and 4 g/kg. Drugs were given by gavage administration once a day continuously for 28 days. At the end of treatment, several biochemical parameters and molecular mechanisms were determined by biochemical assays, ELISA, and Western blotting. The chemical compositions of SMSO were also tested. Results SMSO treatment significantly improved the symptoms of weight loss, polydipsia, reduced FBG level, increased plasma insulin levels, reduced plasma lipids levels, and protected islet injury. The results also showed that SMSO mitigated oxidative stress and alleviated the liver and renal injury in diabetes mice. SMSO also protected islet cells from apoptotic damage by suppressing ER mediated and mitochondrial dependent apoptotic pathways. Further constituent analysis results showed that SMSO had rich natural resources which had beneficial effects on DM. Conclusions This study showed that SMSO had excellent antidiabetes effect and provided scientific basis for the use of SMSO as the functional ingredients production and dietary supplements production in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

Ameliorative impact of cold‐pressedRosmarinus officinalisoil against liver toxicity and genotoxic effects in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats and their offspring

“…Body weight reduction is one of the main typical markers of diabetic pathophysiology (Wang et al, ). Treatment with RO from the 1st to 20th day of gestation reduced the drastic effect of diabetes on the weight loss and caused an increase in body weight in all groups except the control (Table ).…”

“…DM is one of the most serious disorders threatening human health (Assiri et al, ; Esteves et al, ; Hebi et al, ; Wang et al, ). DM is characterized by the dysfunction of islet cells that resulted in lower secretion of insulin from pancreatic β‐cells or no response to the insulin.…”

“…Development of antidiabetic drugs with anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant traits is a must. Several drugs and natural products are used in DM treatment; however, the outcome is still not satisfactory (Wang et al, ).…”

“…There were few researches on the efficacy of vegetable oils as antidiabetic agents and their health‐promoting roles in diabetic complications (Wang et al, ). In this work, the composition and the antioxidant triat of RO, as well as the antidiabetic traits of RO in STZ‐induced diabetic animals considering the ameliorative impact against embryogenesis defects, were studied.…”

“…In animals injected with STZ, β‐cells were destructed by excess free radicals, and reduction in insulin production. In addition, excess free radicals caused the extreme breakdown of muscle tissues, lipids, and proteins, and thus, reducing body weight (Wang et al, ). In this study, treatment with RO altered those harmful effects, suggesting that RO could have antidiabetic activity.…”