Antifungal Use in Veterinary Practice and Emergence of Resistance

Seyedmousavi, Seyedmojtaba; Wiederhold, Nathan P.; Ebel, Frank; Hedayati, Mohammad Taghi; Rafati, Hasan; Verweij, Paul E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-72093-7_16

Cited by 9 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 263 publications

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“…However, treatment C, terbinafine was given orally at the dose rate of 30 mg/kg body weight once in a day up to a 4-6 week in the form of tablets. The efficacy of terbinafine was observed by collecting the samples on day 15,30,45,60,75 and 90 after the commencement of treatment, which was 20%, 45%, 75% and 100% respectively on day 15, 30, 45 and 60 because we obtained mycological cure at day 60 (Table 4) which is in agreement with the findings of [32] the investigation finds that terbinafine in cats and showed that efficacy of terbinafine was 100% on day 60. Similarly, [46] studied that terbinafine showed mycological cure on day 63.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Lesions were most common on the head, ears, and tail, it often spread across the face, lips, chin or nose and the same findings were observed by [43] In treatment A, griseofulvin was given orally at the dose rate of 50 mg/kg body weight once in a day up to a 4-6 week in the form of tablets. The efficacy of griseofulvin was observed by collecting the samples on day 15,30,45,60,75 and 90 after the commencement of treatment, which was 25%, 80%, and 100% respectively on day 15, 30 and 45 and the further treatment was stopped when 100% results and mycological cure were obtained (Table 4), which is in agreement with the findings of [44], it showed that efficacy of griseofulvin was 100% on day 41 and obtained mycological cure. Similarity, [28] used griseofulvin along with 2% miconazole shampoo twice weekly and obtained mycological cure 100% at day 42.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Whereas treatment B, ketoconazole was given orally at a dose rate of 10 mg/kg bodyweight for 4-6 weeks in the form of tablet. The efficacy of ketoconazole was observed by collecting the samples on day 15,30,45,60,75 and 90 after the commencement of treatment, which was 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 70% and 85% respectively (Table 4), which is in agreement with the findings of [45], he obtained successful result only in 8 cats out of 12 which was successfully treated with resolution of lesions and mycological cure after 2 to 10 weeks of drug trial. According to [18] also found the same result in his study but he used ketoconazole along with food to obtain an optimal absorption.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…of all above groups were collected at 0,15,30,45, 60, 75 and 90 days. Mycological cure was obtained on the basis of scoring system for assessment of lesion severity and with two consecutive negative cultures [The prevalence of M. canis infestation was calculated by using the formula as described by [35].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of dermatophytosis and efficacy of antifungal agents against Microsporum canis in cats

Saleem¹

2020

PAB

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Dermatophytosis or ringworm is an infectious fungal disease that can be caused by three species of dermatophytes. Microsporum Canis (M. canis) appears to be the most common cause of ringworm. Dermatophytes invade and live in the keratinized layer of the dermis and can be transmitted to humans and animals through direct contact with infected animals or through the ground. The dermatophyte M. canis is the most common fungal agent of dogs and cats. The cat is commonly kept as pet all over the world and in Pakistan. The present study noted the prevalence of M. canis in pet cats in the area of district Lahore and the chemotherapeutic effect of antifungal agents against the M. canis. The animals found positive with M. canis were divided into three groups named, group A (griseofulvin), group B (ketoconazole) and group C (terbinafine). All the drugs were given orally, and the efficacy of each drug was observed by collecting the samples on 15 days interval after the commencement of treatment until the mycological cure was achieved up till day 90 th . The prevalence of M. canis infestation was 31%. The breed wise prevalence was highest in Persian cats as compared to Siamese, and local breed and the prevalence were also higher in young ones as compared to old age cats. Moreover, the calculation of efficacy revealed that griseofulvin was the best drug among the three drugs used. * = NO further treatment when achieved 100% efficacy ConclusionThe cat is commonly kept as a pet all over the world. The dermatophyte M. canis is the most common fungal agent of dogs and cats. In the present study, the prevalence of M. canis was recorded in pet cats in the area of district Lahore. It was found that M. canis infestation having moderate prevalence in domestic cats and Griseofulvin is the most effective and readily available product in Pakistan. Moreover, there is no predilection of sex, whereas, the high prevalence was found in young and long coat cats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of dermatophytosis and efficacy of antifungal agents against Microsporum canis in cats

Saleem¹

2020

PAB

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“…More importantly, infected pets may be a sentinel for human exposure as concurrent infection from a common environmental source has been documented. 4,9,10 With an increasingly international community and importation of domestic animals, it is pertinent for veterinarians to be aware of any potential infectious diseases from the patient's place of origin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated histoplasmosis in an imported Maine Coon cat in western continental Europe

Burgers,

Santarelli,

Bergmann

et al. 2023

Vet Record Case Reports

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A 4‐year‐old, male, neutered Maine Coon presented with a 9‐month history of weight loss, tachypnoea, dyspnoea and lethargy. The patient had been in the owner's possession since kittenhood in Texas, and 20 months before presentation had moved to Europe, living first in France and then the Netherlands. A bronchoalveolar lavage performed by the referring veterinarian cultured positive for Mycoplasma (unknown species), and treatment was initiated with minimal response. Sequential referring radiographs showed progressive diffuse pulmonary broncho‐interstitial changes. At presentation, focused echocardiogram suggested moderate likelihood of pulmonary hypertension. Repeat thoracic radiographs showed markedly progressed pulmonary changes, with a new miliary component. Bloodwork showed hypergammaglobulinaemia. Pending additional diagnostic results, the patient passed away within 4 days. Postmortem examination was compatible with severe chronic pyogranulomatous pneumonia with pleuritis, splenitis, hepatitis and adrenalitis, with histopathological identification of intracytoplasmic fungal elements. Sequencing of pulmonary granulomatous tissue confirmed the presence of Histoplasma capsulatum.

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Antifungal Drugs

Seyedmousavi

2021

Burger's Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery

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Invasive fungal infections are considered an expanding public health threat, worldwide. Annually, over one billion people are estimated to suffer from fungal infections and/or allergies originating from opportunistic and pathogenic fungi. Fungal diseases also kill more than 1.5 million each year. Antifungal therapy is a central component in the management of life‐threatening fungal infections. However, only few classes of FDA‐approved antifungal agents are available for therapy, which have limited efficacy, particularly in the treatment of disseminated and emerging fungal infections. These drugs include polyenes, azoles, echinocandins, and the nucleoside analogs. Depending on the strategy chosen, monotherapy and/or combination antifungal drugs can be used based on the clinical picture and the species identification of the etiologic agent. The use of antifungal drugs in the therapy of fungal diseases can lead to the development of resistance. Of note, some organisms are inherently resistant to these antifungal agents. This chapter focuses on the currently available classes of systemic antifungal drugs in clinical use, innovative strategies in reformulation and delivery of available drugs, development of new agents of known antifungal drug classes, and new drugs of synthetic antifungal drugs under preclinical and clinical investigations. We further discuss the currently available evidence for the emergence of fungal resistance against these agents.

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Antifungal Use in Veterinary Practice and Emergence of Resistance

Cited by 9 publications

References 263 publications

Prevalence of dermatophytosis and efficacy of antifungal agents against Microsporum canis in cats

Prevalence of dermatophytosis and efficacy of antifungal agents against Microsporum canis in cats

Disseminated histoplasmosis in an imported Maine Coon cat in western continental Europe

Antifungal Drugs

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