Antigen-Antibody Affinity for Dry Eye Biomarkers by Label Free Biosensing. Comparison with the ELISA Technique

Abstract

The specificity and affinity of antibody-antigen interactions is a fundamental way to achieve reliable biosensing responses. Different proteins involved with dry eye dysfunction: ANXA1, ANXA11, CST4, PRDX5, PLAA and S100A6; were validated as biomarkers. In this work several antibodies were tested for ANXA1, ANXA11 and PRDX5 to select the best candidates for each biomarker. The results were obtained by using Biophotonic Sensing Cells (BICELLs) as an efficient methodology for label-free biosensing and compared with the Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) technique.

Developing an Optical Interferometric Detection Method based biosensor for detecting specific SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulins in Serum and Saliva, and their corresponding ELISA correlation

“…In this study, 16 independent BICELLs, transduced on chips, packaged on a kit, were used, since they were easy to handle. Each BICELL is based on two Fabry-Perot interferometers: one layer of SiO 2 and a thin SU-8 polymeric film which exhibits reliable optical biosensing [ 42 , 43 ].…”

TFOS DEWS II Tear Film Report

“…Proteomic discovery will continue to be challenged by the nine orders of magnitude between the most (mg/mL) and least (pg/mL) abundant proteins [500]. Development of multiplexed systems that allow simultaneous quantification of several biomarkers in a single tear sample (commercially available only thus far for cytokines, interleukins and metalloproteinases - although development work is underway) [446,501–503], and coordinated clinical validation studies are needed. More information is needed on biomarker dynamic range, cut-off definition, specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value, and linkage of biomarker detection to treatment.…”

Development towards Compact Nitrocellulose-Based Interferometric Biochips for Dry Eye MMP9 Label-Free In-Situ Diagnosis

“…The manufacturing was carried out at the wafer level [8], where the difference with previous reported fabrication is the deposition of the nitrocellulose by spin coating over the SU8 surface [9]. …”

“…We integrated three interferometric BICELL transducers in a single biochip, fabricated by two interferometric layers, SiO 2 and SU8 resist, plus a thin layer of nitrocellulose (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) per biochip. The manufacturing was carried out at the wafer level [ 8 ], where the difference with previous reported fabrication is the deposition of the nitrocellulose by spin coating over the SU8 surface [ 9 ].…”