Antimalarial activity in crude extracts of some Cameroonian medicinal plants

Bickii, Jean; Tchouya, Guy Raymond Feuya; Tchouankeu, Jean Claude; Tsamo, Etienne

doi:10.4314/ajtcam.v4i1.31200

Cited by 46 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The threshold classification of the present in vitro antimalarial activities of extracts from the pulp of P. nitida seeds was based on the classification according to Gessler et al (1994), which classified extracts with IC 50 less than 10 µg/ml as very good; 10-50 µg/ml as moderate and over 50 µg/ml as having low activity. In one study the Cameroon, the antimalarial activity of the methanolic extract of P. nitida against chloroquine resistant W2 strain of P. falciparum was over 2 fold higher (IC 50 = 10.90 ± 1.10) than the values recorded in this study (Bikii et al, 2007). However, the part of the plant used was not clearly stated.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 75%

“…The Nigeria Natural Medicine Development Agency (NNMDA) (2008) has noted that the plant has a wide variety of applications, in the Nigerian herbal medicine. Previous reports have shown the activities of P. nitida as an antimicrobial (Fakeye et al, 2000), anti-inflammatory (Ezeamuzie et al, 1994), as well as an antiplasmodial agent (Bikii et al, 2007). The antimalarial effects of the bark, leaf, and seed of the plant have been well documented (Iwu and Klayman, 1992;François et al, 1996;Fakeye et al, 2000;Okokon et al, 2007;Adebayo and Krettli, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Screening of fruit pulp extracts of Picralima nitida against in vitro cultures of Plasmodium falciparum and acute oral toxicity in white albino mice

Nnamdi¹,

Dibua²,

Ikpa³

2015

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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The increasing resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to available antimalarial drugs currently justifies the quest for potential antiplasmodial agents from plants. Picralima nitida is used as a traditional remedy against malaria in Nigeria. In this study, phytochemical constituents of methanolic and aqueous extracts of P. nitida fruit pulp were screened, and tested in vitro against 20 clinical isolates of P. falciparum using the schizont growth inhibition assay. Acute oral toxicity of each extract was also evaluated in white albino mice. The results showed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins in both extracts. Terpenes were only present in the methanolic extract. In vitro growth inhibition of P. falciparum by each extract was dose dependent. The methanolic extract exhibited moderate, but higher antimalarial activity with IC 50 = 23.33 ± 0.76 µg/ml, compared to the aqueous extract with IC 50 = 28.25 ± 0.95 µg/ml. The difference was significant (t = 16.72, df = 19, P < 0.001). The LD 50 of each extract was 3807 mg/kg body weight. The moderate antiplasmodial, and toxicity of these extracts, may justify the use of P. nitida, fruit pulp for the treatment of malaria in Nigeria.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Screening of fruit pulp extracts of Picralima nitida against in vitro cultures of Plasmodium falciparum and acute oral toxicity in white albino mice

Nnamdi¹,

Dibua²,

Ikpa³

2015

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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“…Classification of the fraction activity or plant extract was classified into 4 groups according their IC 50 for antiplasmodial activity test. [16][17][18] Very active anti plasmodial has IC 50 less than 5 µg/mL; active anti plasmodial has IC 50 less 5-50 µg/mL; less active anti plasmodial has IC 50 less than 51-100 µg/mL ; inactive antiplasmodial has IC 50 more than 100 µg/mL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ANTI-PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM IN VITRO ACTIVITY OF CALOPHYLLUM BICOLOR EXTRACT: Morphology and Ultra Structure

et al. 2015

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Background: Anti-malarial resistance of Plasmodium, such as chloroquine becoming a health problem worldwide. This research aims to evaluate the in vitro anti-plasmodium activity of hexane fraction extract of Calophyllum bicolor (C. bicolor) against culture of Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) 3D7 and determine its inhibitor concentration of 50% (IC 50 ); to observe the microscopic changes of P. falciparum after exposed to the hexane fraction of C. bicolor extract and to observe the ultra structure changes of P. falciparum 3D7 after being exposed to hexane fraction of C. bicolor extract. Method: This research applied quasi experimental with post-test only control group design. Anti malarial activity test of hexane fraction of C. bicolor extract towards Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 2% was undertaken over 48 hours with in vitro incubation technique. The level of parasitemia was observed using binocular optical microscope with 1000x magnification by counting the infected erythrocytes with Giemsa color technique. Then it was analyzed to determine the level of inhibitor concentration of 50% (IC 50 ) of the C. bicolor extract. The next step is to observe the changes of parasite's morphologic and ultra structure after the 24 and 48 hours incubation of the parasite P. falciparum 3D7 with hexane fraction of C. bicolor, IC 50 . Then, the morphologic change of P. falciparum 3D7 was observed with optical binocular microscopy and the ultra structure changes with Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The changes of morphologic and ultra structure were analyzed qualitatively. Results: The research revealed that hexane fraction of the C. bicolor extract inhibited the growth of the parasite P. falciparum 3D7 with the value of -49.00±2.54, 12.53±3.13, 23.01±1.10, 27.68±4.23, 48.65±18.71, 70.82±4.67, 80.52±6.17% with the hexane extract concentration of 0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100, and 1000 µg/mL. This research also found that the inhibitor concentration of 50% (IC 50 ) of hexane fraction of C. bicolor extract was 3.94 µg/mL in 10 -7 which could change the morphologic and ultra structure of P. falciparum 3D7. There were several changes in morphology of the parasite over 24 hour incubation compared with the control group, i.e. the nucleus of young tropozoid became thicker, darker, and smaller; the skizon were condensate, thicker, darker, karyorrhexis and demolition of membrane. Hexane fraction of C. bicolor extract also changes the ultra structure over 24 hour incubation, i.e. vacuole membrane boundary and hemozoin were unclear. Over 48 hours of incubation the nucleus and cytoplasm bigger than those in the control group. Conclusion: Hexane fraction of the C. bicolor extract showed a strong anti plasmodium activity towards the in vitro culture of P. falciparum 3D7 at the level of (IC 50 ) 3.94 µg/mL. The Hexane fraction of C. bicolor extract could change the morphology and ultra structure of P. falciparum 3D7 in vitro.

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“…Aujourd'hui, l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS) a fini par reconnaître que la phytothérapie pouvait être efficace pour soigner divers affections. C'est ainsi qu'elle a récemment consacré d'énorme attentions à Artemisia annua et à d'autres plantes antipaludéennes dont Picralima nitida (Bickii et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Importance ethnobotanique et valeur d’usage de <i>Picralima nitida</i> (stapf) au Sud-Bénin (Afrique de l’Ouest)

Akabassi¹,

Padonou²,

Chadaré³

et al. 2018

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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RESUMEBeaucoup de connaissances se perdent en Afrique faute de transmission, ce qui ne favorise pas la conservation des ressources par les populations locales. Il urge donc d'évaluer les connaissances des populations sur l'importance des ressources en vue d'élaborer des stratégies de conservation et de gestion durable. Le but de la présente étude est de documenter les connaissances des populations locales sur la valeur d'usage de Picralima nitida au Sud-Bénin. Pour y parvenir, 240 enquêtés, choisis de façon aléatoire dans 4 groupes socio-culturels au Sud-Bénin à savoir Fon, Goun, Nago et Aïzo ont été interviewés. Les enquêtés étaient soumis à un entretien dans la langue locale. Des paramètres ethnobotaniques ont été calculés. L'analyse en composante principale a été effectuée à partir d'une matrice conçue. Les résultats ont révélé que les populations locales des 4 groupes socio-culturels utilisent les différentes parties de P. nitida pour 21 traitements. P. nitida est assez important pour les populations locales. Les graines sont les organes les plus utilisés suivies des racines, feuilles et écorce. Le groupe socio-culturel Goun a une meilleure connaissance des usages de l'espèce comparé aux Nago, Fon, et Aïzo. Existence de mauvaise transmission horizontale et verticale des connaissances endogènes disponibles sur l'espèce. © 2017 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Mots clés : Connaissances endogènes, usage, Picralima nitida, groupe socio-culturel. Ethnobotanic importance and use value of Picralima nitida (stapf) inSouth -Benin (West Africa) ABSTRACT African continent rich in biodiversity loses its resources due to the ignorance of their uses by the local populations. It becomes important to assess the knowledge of populations on the importance of resources to elaborate their conservation strategy and their sustainable management. The purpose of the present study is to document the knowledge of the local populations on the use value of P. nitida in South-Benin. To reach this G. C. AKABASSI et al. / Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 11(5): 1979-1993, 2017 1980 objective, 240 persons were randomly selected among 4 socio-cultural groups in South-Benin namely Fon, Goun, Nago and Aïzo were interviewed. The interview was performed in local language. Ethnobotanic parameters were calculated. A principal component analysis was performed to link socio-cultural groups with ownership, the used part and the species recognition. Results revealed that local populations belonging to the 04 socio-cultural groups use the different parts of P. nitida for 21 treatments. P. nitida is rather important for the local populations. The seeds of the species are the most used organs followed by roots, leaves and bark. The socio-cultural group Goun has a better knowledge of the uses of the species compared with Nago, Fon, and Aïzo. Existence of bad horizontal transmission and vertical line of endogenous knowledge available on the species.

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Antimalarial activity in crude extracts of some Cameroonian medicinal plants

Cited by 46 publications

References 18 publications

Screening of fruit pulp extracts of Picralima nitida against in vitro cultures of Plasmodium falciparum and acute oral toxicity in white albino mice

Screening of fruit pulp extracts of Picralima nitida against in vitro cultures of Plasmodium falciparum and acute oral toxicity in white albino mice

ANTI-PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM IN VITRO ACTIVITY OF CALOPHYLLUM BICOLOR EXTRACT: Morphology and Ultra Structure

Importance ethnobotanique et valeur d’usage de <i>Picralima nitida</i> (stapf) au Sud-Bénin (Afrique de l’Ouest)

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