Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical screening of the fruit pulp of Dialium guineense (Velvet Tamarind) on some microbial isolates

Abstract

The antimicrobial activities of the aqueous, ethanol and n-hexane fruit pulp extracts of Dialium guineense were evaluated against clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Candida albicans using the agar well diffusion technique. The results reveal that the crude aqueous and ethanol extracts possess antimicrobial activities on the tested organisms with the exception of n-hexane extract which showed no zone of inhibition. The highest zone of inhibition diameter at 24.67 mm of the ethanol extract and 19.33 mm of the aqueous extract was recorded against C. albicans while S. aureus showed the lowest inhibition zone to the aqueous extract with 7.33 mm in diameter. However, statistical analysis indicates no significance as P>0.05. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the aqueous and ethanol extracts to the isolates was between 100 -200 mg/ml with only C. albicans at 50 mg/ml of the ethanol extract. Also, the minimum lethal concentration (MLC) of the aqueous and ethanol extracts on majority of the organisms was above 200 mg/ml but P. aeruginosa and P. mirabilis showed MLC at 200 mg/ml and, C. albicans at 100 mg/ml of the ethanol extract. Meanwhile, only C. albicans showed MLC to the aqueous extract at 100 mg/ml. In addition, the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannin, saponins, oxalates and glycosides. The results of this work suggest further exploitation of the fruit pulp of D. guineense to possibly unveil its potential use for the treatment of diseases.

Gastro-protective effect of Ziziphus abyssinica root extracts in ethanol-induced acute ulcer in Wistar rats

“…Rich (Z. abyssinica) which has been used by herbalists in northern Nigeria for the treatment of ulcer [4]. The antibacterial, antioxidant and phytochemical screening of the fruit extracts of this plant have been reported [5]. The leaves are applied as poultices and are helpful in liver troubles, asthma and fever [6].…”

Functional properties and chemical constituents of eight underutilized Ghanaian legumes

“…The tree is a hard wood that is economically valuable for furniture (Ogungbenle, 2015). The fruits and leaves are used for food and fodder and the wood and roots are utilized for timber and charcoal (Ajiboye & Sani, 2015). In Ghana, the fruits are called "Yooyi" by the Gas and "Akosua Tuntum" by the Akans.…”

Medicinal Properties and In Vitro Biological Activities of Selected Helichrysum Species from South Africa: A Review

“…The anti-bacterial activities of nine Helichrysum species of South African origin, including H. petiolare , have been reported in such bacterial strains as Escherichia coli , Yersinia enterocolytica , Klebsiella pneumomiae (Gram-positive) and Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus (Gram-negative), using disc diffusion assay, with the standard drug neomycin as control [ 19 ]. When compared with the control, the methanol and acetone extracts of H. petiolare showed significant activities against S. aureus and B. cereus strains while the essential oils showed no activity against these two bacterial strains.…”

“…Furthermore, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay was used as a confirmatory test for the disc diffusion assay, and the results of this assay showed much improved activity for both the methanol and acetone extracts (<0.25 mg/mL) of H. petiolare when compared with the standard drug ciprofloxacin (0.31 × 10 −3 mg/mL). However, the MIC assay showed a relatively low activity of the essential oil treatment (8 mg/mL) on the S. aureus bacterial strain [ 19 ].…”