Antimicrobial Evaluation of Sequentially extracted Leaf of Vernonia auriculifera Hiern (Rejicho)

Abstract

Background Though there are reports about V. auriculifera antimicrobial activity, there is not enough information about its activity on some bacterial and fungal species. Besides, there was no quantitative evaluation done for phytochemicals previously. Therefore, the main purpose of this research work is to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and quantitative evaluation of the phenol and flavonoid contents of V. auriculifera. Objectives The objective of this study was to conduct the antimicrobial and quantitative evaluation of a sequentially extracted leaf of Vernonia auriculifera Hiern. Methods The leaves of the plant were cleaned with tap water and air-dried. The grounded leaf product was subsequently extracted by hexane, chloroform, and methanol in maceration flasks. Then the total phenol and total flavonoid content in each extract were determined. Standard strains of bacterial and fungal species were used to assess the antibacterial, and antifungal susceptibility test and to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of crude extract. Result Extraction yield for hexane, chloroform, and methanol was 0.6 ± 0.05%, 1.7 ± 0.02%, and 3.3 ± 0.01% respectively. The total phenolic content of methanol extract was 72.998 ± 0.002 mg GAE /g. The total flavonoid content of hexane and chloroform extracts were 2.59 ± 0.004 mg QE/g and 9.6 ± 0.02 mg QE/g respectively. The antimicrobial activity test showed the chloroform extract was the most active against all test microorganisms. Conclusion This study has shown the activity of V. auriculifera against selected microorganisms of study. The chloroform extract was the most active as compared to the hexane and methanol extracts.

Screening antibiofilm activity of invasive plants growing at the Slope Merapi Mountain, Central Java, against Candida albicans

“…It means that in this study, methanol was more efficient at extracting phytochemicals of plants than ethanol. This is consistent with what was reported in previous research, which demonstrated that the yield of some plants, such as A. mangium leaf extract, M. pudica aerial parts, and Vernonia auriculifera Hiern leaves, was the greatest when it was extracted in a polar solvent [ 46 – 48 ]. However, the result of the fractionation yield of M. pudica in this study revealed that even though n-hexane is the lowest polarity solvent, it was associated with the highest yield.…”

Metabolit Profilling and Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extract of the Unripe Fruit Peel of Kayu Banana (Musa paradisiaca L. Var. Kayu)

“…Phenols are compounds that are polar so their solubility is highest in polar solvents. Polar solvents can dissolve phenols better so that their levels in the extract become high [29,52].…”

Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of 80% Methanol Extract and Solvent Fractions of the Leaves of Vernonia auriculifera Hiern. (Asteraceae)

“… 11 It can be found in humid lowland forests, wooded grassland, and scrub at elevations between 1600 and 2800 m in Ethiopia’s southwest and south, where it is widely dispersed. 12 Various Vernonia species are used to manage many diseases in Ethiopian traditional medicine. Experimental research on a variety of Vernonia species has also revealed a plethora of activities, including anti-plasmodial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anticancer.…”